DRYOBATES. 283 
@, Wing-coverts and tertials plain black, or else with very little of 
white spotting. 
e'. Larger, with color of lower parts varying from pure white to 
smoky grayish; length about 9.00-10.00, wing 4.70-5.30 
(5.00), tail 3.20-3.75 (3.43), culmen 1.12-1.40 (1.26). Eggs 
.96 x .75. Hab. Western United States, east to Rocky 
Mountains, south to table-lands of Mexico. 
393c. D. villosus harrisii (AuD.). 
(41.) Harris’s Woodpecker. 
é. Smaller, with lower parts usually deep smoky brown (rarely 
smoky gray); length about 7.00-8.00, wing 3.80-4.90 
(4.24), tail 2.45-3.20 (2.75), culmen .95-1.18 (1.00). Had. 
Central America, south to Veragua, north to eastern 
Mexico (Puebla and Vera Cruz). 
D. villosus jardinii (Mau.). Jardine’s Woodpecker.! 
ce. Lateral tail-feathers with a greater or less number of black bars; cul- 
men not more than .80; wing usually less than 4.00. 
d'. Middle and greater wing-coverts conspicuously spotted with white ; 
length about 6.25-7.00, wing 3.40-4.05 (3.72), tail 2.25-2.90 
(2.51), culmen .68-.82 (.73). Eggs .76 < .59. Hab. Northern 
and eastern North America, and, sporadically, western North 
America (Colorado, California, etc.) also. 
394. D. pubescens (Liny.). Downy Woodpecker. 
a’, Middle and greater wing-coverts plain black, or else but slightly 
spotted with white; length about 6.25-7.00, wing 3.55-4.15 
(3.76), tail 2.30-2.70 (2.51), culmen .70-.80 (.75). Eggs .74 x 
56. Hab. Western United States, east to Rocky Mountains, 
north to British Columbia, south to New Mexico. 
394a. D. pubescens gairdnerii (Aup.). 
(42.) Gairdner’s Woodpecker. 
bo. Back barred with white; sides and flanks spotted or streaked (or both) 
with black. 
c'. Ear-coverts entirely white; lores black; male with a narrow (usually 
concealed) streak of red along each side of occiput. 
Length about 7.50-8.50, wing 4.50-5.00, tail 3.20-3.50, exposed 
culmen .75-.85. Hggs .95 x .69. Hab. Southeastern United 
States, north regularly to North Carolina, Tennessee (irregu- 
larly to New Jersey), and northern Arkansas, west to Indian 
Territory and eastern Texas. 
395. D. borealis (VIEILL.). Red-cockaded Woodpecker. 
c. Ear-coverts black or brown, bordered above and below by a white 
stripe; lores whitish, dull grayish, or dusky; adult males with a 
patch of red extending entirely across the occiput. 
1 Picue jardinti Mauun., Rev. Zool, 1848, 374. 
