MELANERPES. 293 
e. Larger (wing 4.85 to more than 5.00); frontlet (nasal tufts) 
red. 
fi. Middle tail-feathers varied with white; red of crown in 
male confluent with that of nasal tufts; belly paler 
red, or pinkish red. Adult male: Whole top of head 
and hind-neck bright red. Adult female: Similar to 
male, but crown ash-gray. Young: With colors much 
duller than in adult, and all the markings less sharply 
defined; the red of the head indistinct, that of the 
belly often replaced by dull buffy. Length (fresh) 
9.00-10.10, wing 4.85-5.50, tail 3.50-3.95, culmen 1.00- 
1.20. Eggs 99.73. Hab. Eastern United States, 
west to eastern base of Rocky Mountains, south to 
Florida and central Texas; rare or accidental east of 
Hudson River. 
409. M. carolinus (Linn.). Red-bellied Woodpecker. 
f?. Middle tail-feathers entirely uniform black; white bars 
of back, etc., very much narrower than black ones; 
red of crown in adult male separated from that of 
nasal tufts by a white band; middle of belly intense 
red. 
g. Rump and upper tail-coverts immaculate white; 
lower parts paler. Hab. Yucatan. 
M. dubius (Cazot). Uxmal Woodpecker.! 
g. Rump and upper tail-coverts more or less barred or 
otherwise marked with black; lower parts darker. 
Hab. Cozumel Island, Yucatan. 
M. leei Ripaw. Lee’s Woodpecker.? 
é. Smaller (wing less than 4.50); frontlet (nasal tufts) yellow. 
(Otherwise similar in color to WM. dubius, but middle tail- 
feathers more or less varied with white toward base.) 
fi. Larger and lighter colored, with less white on middle 
tail-feathers ; wing 4.20-4.40. Hab. Yucatan. _ 
M. rubriventris (Swarns.). Swainson’s Woodpecker.’ 
f?. Smaller and darker, with more white on middle tail- 
feathers; wing 3.80-3.95. Hab. Cozumel Island, 
Yucatan. 
M. pygmezus Ripew. Pygmy Woodpecker. 
d?, Middle of belly yellow or (rarely) orange. 
e', Hind-neck yellow, orange, or orange-red. 
fi. Bars on back, ete., narrow, the white ones decidedly nar- 
1 Picus dubiue Cazot, Jour. Boston Soe. v. 1845, 91. 
2 Centurus leet Ripew., Deser. N. Sp. B. Cozumel, Feb. 26, 1885, 2. 
3 Centurus rubriventris Swains., Anim. in Menag. 1838, 354. 
4 Centurue rubriventrie pygmzus Ripew., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. viii. Oct, 17, 1885, 576. 
