CONTOPUS. 337 
rupted on breast), the lateral portions deep grayish brown, or brownish 
gray, in strong contrast. (Subgenus Wuttallornis Ripew.") 
Adult: Above brownish slate, some of the feathers usually with darker 
shaft-streaks ; wings and tail dusky blackish, the wing-coverts tipped 
with brownish gray and tertials edged with whitish; a conspicuous tuft 
of white cottony feathers on each side of rump (usually concealed by 
wings); middle line of body beneath, from chin to crissum, white, the 
lateral portions brownish gray (usually with darker shaft-streaks), this 
sometimes extending across the chest, thus interrupting the white. 
Young : Similar to adult, but tips to wing-coverts (narrowly) dull buffy 
or fulvous. Length 7.10-7.90, wing 3.90-4.50, tail 2.80-3.50, exposed 
culmen .58-.70, tarsus .55-.60. Hggs .85 x .63, creamy buff, spotted, 
usually in more or less of a distinct ring round larger end, with deep 
rusty brown or chestnut and purplish gray. Hab. Higher mountain 
districts of United States, and coniferous forests of lowlands from 
northern border (New England to Michigan, etc.) northward, and south 
through higher mountains to Colombia. 
459. C. borealis (Swains.). Olive-sided Flycatcher. 
a’. Tarsus longer than middle toe, with claw; primaries exceeding secondaries by 
less than twice the length of the tarsus; wing exceeding tail by less than 
one-fourth the length of the latter; first quill much shorter than fourth, 
sometimes shorter than fifth; no conspicuous white cottony tuft on side of 
rump; median lower parts not abruptly lighter than lateral portions. 
(Subgenus Contopus CaBANIS.) 
o'. Wing more than 3.75. 
Above plain grayish brown, tinged with olive, the wings without very 
distinct lighter markings; beneath plain light olive grayish, the 
chin whitish, the belly and under tail-coverts pale dull yellowish ; 
length 7.70-8.00, wing 3.80-4.45, tail 3.60-3.90. Hab. Highlands of 
Guatemala and Mexico, north to southern Arizona. 
460. C. pertinax Cas. Coues’s Flycatcher. 
b%. Wing less than 3.75. 
cl. Belly and under tail-coverts white or pale sulphur-yellowish; under 
wing-coverts duli light olive-grayish, sometimes tinged with 
yellowish. 
d', Exposed culmen much less than twice the width of bill at nostrils. 
é. Second quill decidedly longer than third, and fourth quill much 
longer than fifth ; wing 3.00, or more (usually more than 
3.15). 
fi. Lores dull grayish, not distinctly or abruptly different 
from color of forehead and ear-coverts; throat not 
pure white. 
1 New subgenus; more properly a distinct genus, so numerous and positive are the differences from all the 
species of Contopus proper. 
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