340 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
ce. Upper parts umber-brown, the top of head sometimes much darker 
(sooty). 
Above dull brown, darker on top of head, the wing-bands varying 
from dull light brownish buff to tawny ; chin and throat white ; 
rest of lower parts pale smoky buff, shaded with smoky brown 
across breast (whole lower parts dull whitish in much worn 
plumage); under wing-coverts and thighs deep buff or ochra- 
ceous; wing 2.35-2.40 (2.37), tail 2.15-2.32 (2.24), culmen .60- 
.67 (.64), bill from nostril .32-.35 (.33), width at base .30, tarsus 
.67-.68 (.67). Hab. Southeastern Mexico (Vera Cruz) to high- 
lands of Guatemala. 
E. albigularis Sc. White-throated Flycatcher.! 
c. Upper parts olive, olive-greenish, or olive-grayish. 
d'. Lower parts without white (usually yellowish). 
é. Under wing-coverts pale buff, deepening into ochraceous on 
edge of wing. (Length 5.50-6.00.) 
Adult: Above dull grayish olive (more brownish in win- 
ter), the wing-bands dull light buffy grayish (more 
buffy in winter) ; lower parts pale dull yellowish, in- 
clining to sulphur-yellow on belly and under tail-cov- 
erts, and faintly shaded with dull grayish brown across 
breast. Young: Similar, but browner above, with wing- 
bands ochraceous, or rusty buff, the sulphur-yellow of 
belly, etc., replaced by dull white. Male: Wing 2.50- 
2.90 (2.65), tail 2.35-2.60 (2.43), culmen .57-.63 (.61), 
bill from nostril .29-.33 (.31), width at base .25-.28 
(.27), tarsus .64-.69 (.68). Female: Wing 2.30-2.60 
(2.44), tail 2.20-2.45 (2.32). Nests in clefts of old 
stumps or logs, or similar situations, bulky, composed 
of mosses, etc. Eggs .66 x 52, buffy white or pale 
buff, speckled, chiefly round larger end, with rusty 
brown, or cinnamon. Hab. Western United States, 
north to Sitka; south, in winter, to western Mexico. 
(49.) 464. E. difficilis Barrp. Western Flycatcher.’ 
é. Under wing-coverts yellowish white, or pale sulphur-yellow. 
f'. Wing-bands not darker (usually paler) than lower parts. 
(Length 5.10-5.80.) 
Adult: Above dull olive-green, the wing-bands pale 
olive-yellowish ; beneath pale dull sulphur-yellow, 
shaded with olive across breast. Young: Similar, 
but duller, with wing-bands buffy or ochraceous. 
Male: Wing 2.55-2.75 (2.64), tail 2.10-2.30 (2.18), 
1 Empidonazx albigularis Scu., Ibis, 1859, 122. Empidonaz avillaris Ripew., in Hist. Am. B. ii. 1874, 363. 
2 Called “Baird’s Flycatcher” in the A. 0. U. Check List, but this name belongs properly to E. bairdti 
Sct. 
