364 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
Genus PICICORVUS Bonaparte. (Page 351, pl. XCIX., fig. 1.) 
Species. 
Adult: Uniform ash-gray, becoming white on fore-part of head; wings and 
two middle tail-feathers glossy black, the secondaries broadly tipped with white ; 
tail, except middle feathers, mainly white. Young: Similar to adult, but colors 
duller and browner. Length about 12.00-13.00, wing 7.10-8.00, tail 5.10-5.40. Nest 
in coniferous trees (sometimes in cavities), bulky, composed of dried twigs, lined 
with rootlets, etc. Hygs 1.33 x .92, dull white, sparingly speckled, chiefly on larger 
end, with brown and purplish gray. Hab. Higher coniferous forests of western 
North America; north to Putnam River, Alaska, south to Arizona, east to (and in- 
cluding) Rocky Mountains... 491. P. columbianus (Wi11s.). Clarke’s Nutcracker. 
Genus CYANOCEPHALUS Bonaparte. (Page 351, pl. XCIX., fig. 2.) 
Species. 
Adult: Uniform grayish blue, becoming deeper blue on head, the throat bright 
blue, streaked with white. Young: Uniform dull grayish blue, lighter beneath. 
Length about 10.00-11.75, wing 5.70-6.00, tail 4.80-4.85. Mest in pifion trees, 5-10 
or more feet up, bulky, composed of shreds of pifion, cedar, and sage-brush bark, 
grass- and weed-stalks, small twigs, etc. Eggs 3-5, 1.19 x .87, pale greenish blue 
or bluish or greenish white, thickly but finely speckled with olive-brown. Hab. 
Plateau region of western North America, chiefly between Rocky Mountains and 
Sierra Nevada, entirely across United States. 
492. C. cyanocephalus (Wiep). Pinon Jay. 
Famity STURNIDAZ.—THE Srar.ines. (Page 322.) 
Genera. 
(Characters same as those given for the Family)...... Sturnus. (Page 364.) 
Genus STURNUS Linnavs. (Page 364, pl. C., fig. 3.) 
Species. 
Adult in summer (sexes alike): Glossy greenish and purplish black, speckled, 
more or less extensively and conspicuously, with light buffy brown and whitish ; 
greater wing-coverts, secondaries, quills, and tail-feathers edged with light brown- 
ish buff; bill yellow. Adult in winter: Light brown (on upper parts) and whitish 
(on lower parts) spotting much more conspicuous than in summer, often obscuring 
or nearly concealing the underlying glossy green and purple; bill blackish. Young: 
Plain grayish brown, the throat whitish, edges of greater wing-coverts, secondaries, 
quills, and tail-feathers light dull buffy. Length about 7.50-8.50, wing 5.00-5.10, tail 
