398 
NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
coverts; quills and tail-feathers narrowly edged with pale sulphur-yel- 
low; wing 3.00, tail 2.50, tarsus .50, middle toe .30. Hab. Waltham, 
Massachusetts (one specimen, obtained November 1, 1870). 
—. A. brewsterii Ripaw. Brewster's Linnet,! 
Genus SPINUS Kocu. (Page 383, pl. CVIL., figs. 3, 4.) 
Species. 
a’. Inner webs of tail-feathers, except two middle pairs, with a white spot or 
(38.) 
6. No yellow on wings (except sometimes on lesser coverts). 
c'. Back yellow or brownish ; inner web of tail-feathers dusky, becoming 
white or whitish terminally. Adult male in summer: Pure lemon- 
yellow, the forehead, crown, lores, wings, and tail black; tail- 
coverts, middle (sometimes lesser) wing-coverts, tips of greater 
wing-coverts, and part of margins of quills and secondaries white. 
Adult female in summer: Above olive-brownish or grayish, sometimes 
tinged with olive-greenish, the wings and tail blackish dusky, 
marked as in the male; upper tail-coverts pale grayish or grayish 
white; lower parts dull grayish white, more or less tinged with 
yellow, especially anteriorly and laterally (sometimes entirely soiled 
yellow, except under tail-coverts). Adult male in winter : Similar to 
adult female, but wings and tail deeper black, with whitish mark- 
ings broader and more distinct. Adult female in winter: Similar 
to summer plumage, but more tinged with brownish, the lighter 
wing- and tail-markings broader and tinged more or less with 
buffy brownish. Young: somewhat like winter adults, but much 
browner, the wing-markings mostly light cinnamon, and the plumage 
generally suffused with this color. Length about 4.45-5.40, wing 
2.60-2.90, tail 1.80-2.10. Nest a very neat, cup-shaped structure 
composed of compactly woven plant-fibres, etc., lined with plant- 
down and other soft materials, placed in tall bushes or low trees. 
Eggs 3-5, .66 X .47, plain pale bluish or bluish white. Hab. Whole 
of temperate North America; resident. 
529. S. tristis (Linn.). American Goldfinch, 
ce, Back olive-green or glossy black, or with a mixture of these colors; 
inner webs of tail-feathers white, tipped with black (entirely black 
in S. psaltria columbianus ;? length about 4.00-4.50, wing 2.40-2.55, 
tail 1.70-1.90. (Adult male: Upper half of head, wings, and tail 
deep black; rest of upper parts varying from uniform olive- 
green to uniform glossy black; base of quills with a more or less 
1No. 17, “ Hypothetical List” of A. 0. U. Check List (p. 354). 
2 Chrysomitris columbiana Larr., Rev. Zool. 1843, 292, Hab. Costa Rica to Colombia and Venezuela, 
