CALCARIUS. 405 
a white malar stripe, much widest posteriorly; hind-neck and entire 
lower parts deep ochraceous- buff, the first streaked with dusky ; anterior 
lesser wing-coverts deep black, posterior ones pure white, forming a con- 
spicuous bar, widest above. Adult male in winter : Black of head entirely 
replaced by streaked brownish, the throat and chest also more or less 
streaked with dusky; otherwise much as in summer, but middle and 
greater wing-coverts distinctly tipped with white. Adult female in sum- 
mer : Much like winter male, but smaller, paler, and grayer, without deep 
black or pure white on lesser wing-coverts ; in winter, similar, but more 
buffy. Male: Length 6.40-6.50, wing 3.60-3.70. Female: Length about 
5.50-6.00, wing 3.45-3.60. Eggs .83 x .59, similar to those of C. lapponi- 
cus, but averaging lighter in color, the whitish, distinctly spotted style 
prevailing. Hab. Interior of Arctic America (chiefly Mackenzie River 
Valley) in summer, breeding north to Arctic coast and upper Yukon 
Valley; south, in winter, over Great Plains and prairies to Illinois, 
Texas, CbC....csccessecscesenes 537. C. pictus (Swarns.). Smith's Longspur. 
a. Wing not more than 3.50; all the tail-feathers (except middle pair) with basal 
portion of inner webs white (outer webs also, except two middle pairs). 
Adult male in summer: Top of head, stripe behind eye, spot on lower part 
of ear-coverts, chest, breast, and belly, black, the lower parts sometimes 
touched with rufous or chestnut; hind-neck deep rufous; broad super- 
ciliary stripe, chin, and throat white; cheeks pale buff, this sometimes 
overspreading lores, ear-coverts, chin, and upper throat ; in full plumage, 
the lesser wing-coverts deep black, with posterior row pure white. 
Adult male in winter: Black of head and lower parts more or less ob- 
scured or even concealed’ by light brownish or dull buffy tips to the 
feathers; otherwise, essentially as in summer. Adult female: Above 
light grayish buffy brown, streaked with dusky; beneath pale grayish 
buffy brown, or dull grayish buff, the breast and belly sometimes 
streaked with darker; under tail-coverts dull buffy whitish. (Plumage 
softer and colors more blended in winter.) Young: Above dusky, the 
feathers edged and margined with dull whitish and pale brownish 
buff; wing-coverts tipped with dull whitish; an indistinct streaked 
whitish superciliary stripe; ear-coverts streaked dusky and pale brown- 
ish; malar region, chin, and throat white, flecked, more or less, with 
grayish dusky ; rest of lower parts dull grayish buff, streaked, especially 
on breast, with dusky. Length 5.25-6.50, wing 3.20-3.50. Eggs .75 X 
56, dull white, pinkish white, buffy white, or greenish white, distinctly 
speckled or spotted with various shades of brown and blackish. Hab. 
Great Plains, north to the Saskatchewan; south, in winter, to Texas, 
New Mexico Arizona, and table-lands of Mexico. 
538. C. ornatus (Towns.). Chestnut-collared Longspur. 
