AMMODRAMUS. 411 
from nostril. Adult: Crown blackish or dark brown, streaked 
with light grayish buffy and divided by a very distinct median 
line of pale grayish buff; rest of upper parts mixed grayish, 
buffy, and reddish brown, spotted with black; sides of head, chin, 
throat, chest, and sides plain buffy, the chest and sides indis- 
tinctly streaked with brown in winter; belly white; edge of wing 
yellow. Young: Essentially like adult, but with little if any red- 
dish brown on upper parts, which have feathers more conspicuously 
bordered with pale buffy and dull whitish, and the median crown- 
stripe more ashy whitish; lower parts entirely dull buffy whitish, 
the chest distinctly streaked with dusky. 
ad. Darker colored, with (usually) shorter wing and tail and thicker 
bill; length about 4.85-5.20, wing 2.35-2.60 (2.43), tail 1.80- 
2.00 (1.87), exposed culmen .40-.47 (.43), depth of bill at base 
.28-.31 (.29), tarsus .75-.82 (.73). Hyggs .73 <x 58. Hab. 
Eastern United States and southern Canada, wintering in 
Gulf States, Bahamas, Cuba, Porto Rico, and Gulf coast of 
MeiCo........0c000008 546. A. savannarum passerinus (WILS.). 
Grasshopper Sparrow. 
d@. Paler, with (usually) longer wing and tail, and more slender bill; 
length about 5,00-5.50, wing 2.50-2.60 (2.52), tail 1.75-2.00 
(1.91), exposed culmen .40-.47 (.42), depth of bill at base .20- 
.28 (.25), tarsus .75-.80 (.77). Eggs .75 x 57. Hab. Western 
United States, cast to Great Plains, south over table-lands of 
MeXico......ceseeeee 546a. A. savannarum perpallidus Ripew. 
Western Grasshopper Sparrow. 
c. Tail graduated, the lateral feathers much shorter than middle pair 
(difference between their tips much greater than length of bill from 
nostril), the middle pair longest. 
d'. Tail not longer than wing, its graduation decidedly less than 
length of exposed culmen; bill stout, its depth at base nearly 
or quite equal to length from nostril; a blackish rictal and 
(usually) submalar streak. Adult: Head and neck buffy olive, 
the crown -heavily streaked, except along middle line, with 
black, the hind-neck much more narrowly streaked; back and 
scapulars chestnut, feathers centred with black and narrowly 
edged or bordered with whitish; wings mainly chestnut; a 
blackish streak behind eye, another from corner of mouth, 
and another along each side of chin and upper throat (last 
sometimes indistinct); chin and throat pale buff or buffy 
whitish ; chest, sides, and flanks deeper buffy, streaked with 
blackish ; belly whitish. Young: Above dull brownish buffy, 
streaked and spotted with black; beneath light buff, the sides 
(but not chest) streaked with black; a distinct black streak 
from corner of mouth, but none on side of chin or throat. 
