436 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
States, west to Minnesota, eastern Dakota, Kansas, and Texas, 
south to Gulf coast. 
587. P. erythrophthalmus (Liny.). Towhee. 
@. Smaller, with smaller white markings on quills and tail-feathers ; 
iris of adult male usually yellowish or whitish ; length 7.00- 
8,25, wing 2.95-3.20 (3.10), tail 3.55-3.90 (3.71) ; white space on 
outer tail-feather only .66-.75 long. Eggs 1.01 x .69 (?). Hub. 
Florida. .....ssseeee 587a. P. erythrophthalmus alleni Cougs. 
White-eyed Towhee. 
ce. Wing-coverts tipped with white, and scapulars more or less streaked 
with the same. 
d', Back more or less streaked with white (these streaks sometimes 
concealed or even obliterated in middle of back, but always 
distinct along sides of back, next to scapulars). 
é. Streaks on back very conspicuous, and other white markings 
greatly developed, the white on wing-coverts forming two 
broad, continuous bars across wing, the white edgings to 
quills and tertials always distinct, and white terminal 
space on outer tail-feather more than 1.00 long; adult 
females with general color of head, neck, chest, and upper 
parts grayish brown or olive-brown. 
f. Adult male with rump, upper tail-coverts, remiges, and 
edges of tail-feathers olive brownish (sometimes in- 
clining to smoky grayish), the back and scapulars 
mixed with the same color. 
Wing 3.25-3.75, tail 3.95-4.20, exposed culmen .52- 
55, tarsus 1.10-1.12, middle toe .75-.80; white 
space on outer tail-feather 1.30-1.50, involving 
both webs. Hab. Southern and central Mexico 
and highlands of Guatemala. 
P. maculatus Swains. Mexican Towhee.! 
f*. Adult males with rump, upper tail-coverts, etc., black, or 
but slightly intermixed with grayish (rump sometimes 
uniform olive-grayish). 
g. Lighter colored, with white markings more exten- 
sive, and rufous of sides, etc., paler, more ochra- 
ceous ; white edgings to primaries sometimes de- 
veloped into a more or less conspicuous patch at 
base ; white on outer tail-feather occupying more 
than the exposed half (1.30-1.75 long). Adult 
female with head, neck, chest, rump, etc., broc- 
coli-brown. Young: Similar to corresponding 
stage of P. erythrophthalmus, but less tawny, and 
1 Pipilo maculatus Swarys., Phil. Mag. u. s. i. 1827, 484. 
