444 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
parts light brownish gray (without any red). Young: Like adult female, but bill 
more or less dusky. Length 7.50-8.75, wing 3.60-3.85, tail 4.35-4.80. West and 
eggs like those of Cardinalis, but the laste smaller, averaging 94x .73. Hab. 
Northern Mexico and contiguous border of United States, from southern Texas to 
southern Arizona and Lower California.. 594. P. sinuata Bownap. Texan Cardinal. 
(75.) 
Genus HABIA Retcuenpacu. (Page 383, pl. CXI,, fig. 2.) 
Species. 
Common Cuaractrrs.—Adult males with head, wings, and tail black ; two broad 
bands across wing, patch at base of quills, and terminal portion of inner webs of 
outer tail-feathers, white ; under wing-coverts rose-pink or gamboge-yellow. Adult 
females with wings and tail similar, but black duller and white markings more re- 
stricted; other black portions of male replaced by brownish, streaked with dusky ; 
under wing-coverts saffron-yellow or lemon-yellow ; breast streaked. Vest a very 
thin saucer-shaped structure, composed of wiry rootlets, etc., in bushes or low trees. 
Eggs 2-4, bluish green or greenish blue, speckled with clove-brown, vandyke-brown, 
or burnt-umber. 
a’. Under wing-coverts rose-red (male) or saffron-yellow (female). 
Adult male: Head, neck, back, wings, and tail uniform deep black, the 
wings and tail varied with white, as described above; breast (some- 
times throat also) and under wing-coverts pure rose-red; rest of lower 
parts, with rump, pure white. Adult female: Black of male replaced by 
dull brownish, streaked with dusky; breast brownish white, streaked 
with dusky; under wing-coverts pale salmon-yellow or saffron-yellow. 
Young male, first autumn: Wings and tail as in adult male; head, neck, 
and back brown, streaked with black; throat and sides brownish white, 
or pale brownish, streaked with black; chest more or less extensively 
tinged with rose-red; under wing-coverts pale rose-red or rose-pink. 
Length 7.00-8.50, wing 3.90-4.15, tail 3.25-3.55. Eggs .95 x 67. Hab. 
Eastern North America, north to Canada, breeding from northern 
United States northward; south, in winter, through Cuba and Middle 
America to northern South America. 
595. H. ludoviciana (Linn.). Rose-breasted Grosbeak. 
a’, Under wing-coverts clear gamboge-yellow, or lemon-yellow. 
Adult male: Head black, the throat, and sometimes a postocular stripe 
(occasionally a stripe on middle of crown also), light cinnamon-ochra- 
ceous; wings and tail black, varied with white, as in H. ludoviciana ; 
back mixed black and light cinnamon (sometimes uniform black) ; rump, 
collar round hind-neck, and most of lower parts uniform buffy cinna- 
mon; belly and under wing-coverts lemon-yellow; under tail-coverts 
white. Adult female: Above dusky grayish brown, streaked, especially 
on back and middle line of crown, with pale fulvous or buffy; beneath 
