456 
NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
male: Head, all round, dull vermilion-red, darker on crown, paler 
on throat and upper chest. Immature male: Similar to adult, but 
sides of head chiefly olive-green. (Adult female, unknown.) Length 
about 6.00, wing 2.90-3.00, tail 2.70-2.90. Hab. Southern Mexico 
(Temiscaltepec, Guanajuato, Valley of Mexico, etc.). 
P. erythrocephala (Swarns.). Red-headed Tanager.) 
a?, Wing marked with two white, yellow, or pinkish bands across tips of middle 
and greater coverts. 
b'. Wing more than 3.50. 
c. Exposed culmen not longer than middle toe, without claw; back with- 
out streaks. Adult male: Back, scapulars, wings, and tail black, 
the wings with two broad yellow bands; rump, upper tail-coverts, 
and lower parts gamboge-yellow; head and neck orange or red, 
brightest on crown, where sometimes almost crimson. Adult fe- 
male: Grayish olive-green above, the wing-bands dull light yellow, 
or dull yellowish white ; lower parts pale grayish yellow, becoming 
sulphur-yellow on under tail-coverts. Young: Essentially like 
adult female, but paler beneath and more or less distinctly streaked 
with grayish or dusky, both above and below. Length 6.75-7.75, 
wing about 3.50-4.10, tail 3.20-3.55. Eggs .95 x .65, clear light 
greenish blue or bluish green, finely and rather sparsely speckled, 
chiefly on larger end, with clove-brown. Hab. Western United 
States, north to British Columbia, east to edge of Great Plains, 
south, in winter, to Guatemala. 
607. P. ludoviciana (Wits.). Louisiana Tanager. 
ce. Exposed culmen longer than middle toe, without claw; back distinctly 
streaked with dusky. Adult males with head, neck, and lower parts 
red, back and scapulars dull brownish red or grayish, broadly 
streaked with blackish; wing-bands white or pale salmon-pink. 
Adult females with red of males replaced by yellow below and olive- 
greenish above. 
@, Rather smaller, with relatively much smaller bill; red of adult 
male much deeper—often intense Chinese-orange, or almost 
orange-vermilion—the rump and ground-color of back reddish 
brown or brownish red, and wing-bands usually distinctly pink- 
ish. Adult female with yellow of lower parts and olive-green 
of upper parts deeper. Length (skins) about 7.00-7.50, wing 
3.60-3.90, tail 3.25-3.40, exposed culmen .60-.65, depth of bill at 
base .33-.38. Hab. Southern Mexico (north to Jalapa, Mirador, 
Temiscaltepec, Sonora, ete.) and south to Chiriqui. 
P. bidentata Swains. Spotted-winged Tanager.” 
@. Rather larger, with relatively much larger bill; red of adult male 
1 Spermagra erythrocephala Swatns., Philos. Mag. u. ». i, 1827, 437, Pyranga erythrocephala Bonar. 
Rev. Zool. 1851, 178. 
2 Pyranga bidentata Swatns., Philos, Mag. n. 8. i. 1827, 438, 
