HELMINTHOPHILA, 487 
a, Wings plain olive-green or gray. 
6». Inner webs of three outer tail-feathers marked with a large white spot, 
extending to the shaft. 
Adult male: Forehead and lower parts yellow; a large patch of black 
covering lower throat, chest, and upper breast; band across an- 
terior part of crown black; rest of crown, with occiput, rather 
dull ash-gray ; rest of upper parts, including ear-coverts, uniform 
olive-green ; anterior half of lesser wing-covert region lemon-yel- 
low; quills dusky, edged with light ash-gray. Adult female: With- 
out black on crown, and that of throat and chest replaced by dusky 
olive; otherwise much like male. Length about 3.95-4.50, wing 
2.40, tail 1.95. (Bill more acute and decurved at tip than in other 
Helminthophile.) Nest said to be placed “in low trees.” Hggs (re- 
puted) 4, about .74 x .60, dull white, heavily wreathed round 
larger end with dark brown. (4. B. Bailey, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, 
viii. 1883, p. 38.) Hab. South Atlantic and Gulf States, from southern 
Virginia and South Carolina to Louisiana; western Cuba in winter. 
640. H. bachmani (Aup.). Bachman’s Warbler. 
o?. Inner webs of outer tail-feathers without white spot (if with broad white 
edging, this not extending nearly to shaft). 
c'. Upper tail-coverts olive-green; wing 2.40, or more. 
d', Lores-and part of ear-coverts black. 
Adult male: Above olive-green ; lower parts (including under 
tail-coverts), suborbital spot, and forehead pure gamboge- 
yellow; length 4.75, wing 2.55, tail 2.00, exposed culmen 
.55, tarsus .75. Hab. Vicinity of Cincinnati, Ohio. 
—. H. cincinnatiensis (Lanop.). Cincinnati Warbler. 
d*, Lores and ear-coverts without any black. 
é. Under tail-coverts and axillars pure white ; no rufous or chest- 
nut on crown, in any stage; first quill equal to or longer 
than fourth (usually longer, and sometimes longest). 
Adult male in spring: Top of head and hind-neck pure 
ash-gray; rest of upper parts plain olive-green; quills 
dusky, edged with light ash-gray; sides of head 
whitish, relieved by a gray postocular streak, or 
mostly ash-gray, relieved by a superciliary streak and 
less distinct suborbital space of white; lower parts 
white, the sides and flanks tinged with ash-gray 
(most strongly on sides of breast). Adult female in 
spring: Similar to male, but gray of head and neck 
usually more or less tinged with olive-green, and white 
1 Helminthophaga eincinnatiensie LANGDON, Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. July, 1880, 119, 120, pl. 4. 
There are strong grounds for believing this bird to be a hybrid between H. pinus and Oporornis formosa, 
(See on this point Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, v. 1880, p. 237.\ 
