§28 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
and sometimes entirely wanting, the whole top of the head being 
uniform olive-green. Young in first autumn similar to adult fe- 
males, without black on crown.) 
d', Duller colored, with shorter wing and tail, and broader as well as 
darker-colored bill; length 4.25-5.10, wing (male) 2.15-2.35 
(2.20), tail 2.05-2.25 (2.11). Mest embedded in ground, in 
swampy woods, somewhat like that of Helmitherus vermivorus 
or Mniotilta varia. Eggs 4-5, .60 Xx .48, white or creamy white, 
speckled with reddish brown and pale lavender or lilac-gray. 
Hab. Eastern and northern North America, west to and in- 
cluding Rocky Mountains, and to coast of Bering’s Sea; breed- 
ing from northern border of United States (and higher Rocky 
Mountains?) northward; in winter, south through eastern 
Mexico and Central America to Panama. 
685. S. pusilla (Wits.). Wilson’s Warbler. 
@. Brighter colored (the back bright yellowish olive-green, lower 
parts rich gamboge-yellow, the forehead, in adult males, often 
tinged with orange), with longer wing and tail, and narrower 
as well as paler-colored bill; length 4.25-5.10, wing (male) 
2.15-2.30 (2.21), tail 2.00-2.20 (2.10). Zggs .61%.47. Hab. 
Western North America (chiefly along or near Pacific coast, 
north to Kadiak, Alaska); south, in winter, through western 
Mexico to Costa Rica. 
685a. S. pusilla pileolata (PaLL.). Pileolated Warbler. 
b. Upper parts plumbeous-gray (tinged with olive in young and autumnal 
specimens). 
Adult male: Forehead spotted with black; a yellow supraloral bar 
and an orbital ring of the same color; lores black; lower parts 
yellow, fading into white on under tail-coverts, the chest crossed 
by a series of black spots. Adult female: Similar to male, but 
without black spots on forehead, and those across chest much less 
distinct, and often olive-grayish or dusky instead of black; yellow 
orbital ring and streak above lores less distinct. Young in fall: 
Similar to the duller-colored adult females. Length 5.00-5.75, 
wing 2.50-2.65, tail 2.20-2.40. West in clumps of weeds or tussocks 
of grass in swampy woods. ggs 3-5, .68 x .51, colored like those 
of 8. mitrata. Hab. Eastern North America, north to Newfound- 
land, southern Labrador, and Lake Winnipeg; south, in winter, 
through eastern Mexico and Central America to Ecuador. 
686. S. canadensis (Linn.). Canadian Warbler. 
