576 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
d'. Grayish brown above (more olivaceous in winter); flanks and 
thighs light grayish ; bill slenderer. 
e'. Smaller; tail deep rufous, almost chestnut; length 6.00-7.00, 
wing 3.25-3.80 (3.57), tail 2.60-3.00 (2.76), culmen 45-52 
(.50), tarsus 1.10-1.20 (1.12). Hggs .86 x .62. Hab. Pa- 
cific coast, breeding from mountains of California north 
to Kadiak; south, in winter, to Lower California and 
western Mexico, as far as Colima ; during migrations, east 
to Nevada, Arizona, Colorado (Denver), western Texas, ete. 
759. T. aonalaschke Gmuut. Dwarf Thrush. 
é. Larger; tail dull ochraceous-rufous, or fulvous; colors in 
general rather grayer; length 7.50-8.25, wing 3.65-4.35 
(4.08), tail 2.95-3.45 (8.27), culmen .53-.60 (.57), tarsus 
1.12-1.28 (1.18). Hogs .86 x .64. Hab. Rocky Mountains, 
from northern border of United States south to highlands 
of Mexico and Guatemala........... 759a. T. aonalaschkee 
auduboni (Barrp). Audubon’s Hermit Thrush. 
@. Above dull brown, deeper, or more “smoky,” in winter; flanks 
and thighs olive-brownish ; bill stouter. 
Tail and its upper coverts decidedly rufescent (averaging 
about intermediate in tint between that of T. aonalaschke 
and T. audubont) ; length 6.50-7.65, wing 3.40-3.90 (3.64), 
tail 2.55-3.15 (2.88), culmen .50-.60 (.59), tarsus 1.15-1.30 
(1.19). Eggs .88 x .66. Hab. Eastern North America, 
breeding from northern United States northward, and 
wintering from about 40° to Gulf coast. 
7596. T. aonalaschkz pallasii (CaB.). Hermit Thrush, 
@. Wing more than four and a half times as long as tarsus. (Subgenus Turdus 
Linn.) 
Adult: Above plain brownish; a superciliary stripe and a malar stripe 
(widening beneath and behind ear-coverts into somewhat of a patch), 
white; lower parts white medially, the under wing-coverts, sides, and 
flanks plain rufous; breast streaked with dusky. Young: Upper parts, 
including wing-coverts, streaked and barred with buffy or whitish ; 
lower parts more extensively spotted or streaked. Length about 8.00- 
9.00, wing 4.45-4.85, tail 3.00-3.45, culmen .78-.86, tarsus 1.15-1.25. Nest 
usually in bushes or small trees, bulky, composed of mosses, dried 
grasses, etc. Eggs 1.01 x .76. pale dull bluish, pale greenish blue, or 
pale olive-greenish, freckled with reddish brown. Hab. Northern por- 
tion of Europe and Asia; accidental in Greenland. 
760. T. iliacus Linn. Red-winged Thrush, 
