wf 
“B12 
182, 133, 134, 141,154; O. vulgatum, 
1383; O. pendulum, 133; Fig. 34. 
Orchid, Orchidacez, 183, 188, 192, 
194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 234, 254, 255, 
276, 277, Figs. 47, 57. 
Orchis spectabilis, 254, Fig. 57. 
Oregon, 239. 
Organ, 8, 10, 20, 21. 
Organic substances, 3, 35, 36, 66, 80. 
Oscillaria, 17, 35, Fig. 5. 
Osmunda, Osmundaces, 134, 138, 
139; O. cinnamomea, 134; O. rega- 
lis, 134. 
Ostrich fern (Onoclea struthiopteris), 
126, 129, Figs. 32, 33. 
Ovary, 161, 177, 178, 179, 181, 189, 
191, 194, 206, 210, 211, 213, 215, 
218, é 
Ovule, 28, 159, 160, 161, 163, 165, 170, 
177, 178, 179, 181, 184, 185, 188, 206, 
208, 227, 293. 
Oxalis, 210, Fig. 51. 
Oxydendrum, 213, Fig. 52. 
Oxygen, 2, 8, 11, 19, 21, 24, 25, 30. 
P 
Pacific North America, 233, 234, 237. 
Pacific South America, 237. 
Palwo-botany, 13. 
Palzopteris, 223. 
Paleozoic formations, 222, 223, 224, 
226. 
Palmetto, 187, 238. 
Palms, 187, 197, 198, 228, 230, 234, 
238, 268. 
Pandanus, Pandanaceze (see also 
‘* Screw-pine’’), 186, 198, 268. 
Pandorina, 41, Fig. 6. 
Papaveracezx (Poppy family), 209. 
Papilionacez, 212. 
Pappus, 215. 
Paraphyses, 68. 
Parasites, 30, 80, 81, 82, 85, 88, 89, 90, 
91, 93, 95, 97, 99, 183, 201, 203, 205, 
278, 279, 297; Algee, 85; animals, 
88, 90; flowering plants, 99, 278, 
279; Fungi, 81, 82, 84, 87, 88, 91, 
95; Lichens, 97; nutrition of, 297. 
» 
INDEX 
Parsley family (Umbelliferm), 211. 
Parthenogenesis, 75, 79, 83; Chara 
crinita, 75; Red Alge, 75, 79; 
Saprolegnia, 83. 
Passiflora, Passiflorinz (see ‘‘ Pas- 
sion-flower’’). 
Passion-flower, 212. 
Pea, 210, 212, Fig. 51. 
Pea family (see ‘‘ Leguminose,” 
“ Papilionacex ’’). 
Peach, 87. 
Pear, 182, 211. 
Peat-mosses (Sphagnaces), 63, 114, 
115, Fig. 29. 
Pediastrum, 43, Fig. 7. 
Pelargonium, 250, 251, 252, Fig. 
56, 
Penicillium (see also ‘‘ Blue-mould’’), 
92. 
Pepper family (Piperinez) , 206, 208, 
217, 229, 244. 
Perianth (see also ‘‘ Floral enve- 
lope’’), 190, 191, 196, 206, 219, 245. 
Peridinex, 65, 76, Fig. 15. 
Peridinium divergens, 65, Fig. 15. 
Peristome, 29, 118, 283. 
Perithecium, 92. 
Periwinkle (Vinca), 215. 
Permian formations, 166, 221, 226, 
227, 
Persimmon family (Diospyrine), 
214. 
Petal, 161, 177, 179, 185, 186, 202, 205, 
207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 218, 
247. 
Petaloideous Angiosperms (Dicoty- 
ledons), 217; (Monocotyledons), 
190, 197. 
Petiole, 201. 
Petunia, 213, Fig. 52. 
Pheophycez (Brown Algz), 49, 64, 
65, 66, 70, 78, 79, 263, 288; repro- 
duction, 68, 288; structure, 67, 68, 
69; Figs. 17, 18. 
Phalloides, 242. 
Philodendron, 187. 
Phloém, 124. 
Phlox, 214, 238. 
Phosphorus, 2. 
