INDEX 
Root-stock (see ‘‘ Rhizome”’). 
Root-tubercles (of Leguminose) , 280. 
Rose mildew (Spherotheca), 91. 
Rotation of protoplasm, 61. 
Royal-fern (Osmunda regalis), 134. 
Rubiacez, 215, 218. 
Ruby-throat humming-bird, 249. 
Rudbeckia, 241. 
Rushes (Juncacez), 189. 
Rusts (Acidiomycetes), 88, 89, 94, 
95, Fig. 23. 
Rye, 93. 
8 
Sac-fungi (Ascomycetes), 90, 91, 92, 
280, Fig. 24. 
Sage (Salvia), 249, 254, Fig. 57. 
Sage-brush (Artemisia), 204, 237. 
Sagittaria, 185, 186, 207, Fig. 45. 
Sago-palm (see ‘‘ Cycas revoluta’’). 
Sahara, 271. 
St. Helena, 234, 
Salicornia, 275. 
Salvia, 253, 254; S. pratensis, 254; 
Fig. 57. 
Salvinia, Salviniacez, 151, 155. 
Samphire (see “‘Salicornia”’). 
Sanguinaria, 200, Fig. 48. 
Saprolegnia, Saprolegniaces (see 
also ‘‘ Water-moulds”), 82, 83, 
Fig. 21. 
Saprophyte, 30, 80, 82, 87, 92, 99, 196, 
203, 205, 278, 279, 297. 
Sarcodes, 205, 279. 
Sargassum (see also “‘Gulf-weed”’), 
67, 69, 70, Fig. 18. 
Sarothamuus, 250, 252, Fig. 56. 
Sarracenia, 258; S. purpurea, 258, 
Fig. 58. 
Sassafras, 230. 
Scale-mosses (see *‘ Liverworts’’). 
Scales, 125, 165, 170, 195, 270, 277, 
279; epidermal scales, 125, 195, 277 ; 
leaf-scales, 165, 170, 270, 279, Fig. 
59. 
Schizomycetes (see also ‘‘Bacte- 
ria’), 35. 
Schizophycez (see also ‘‘ Cyanophy- 
cex’’), 35, 36, 45, 284. 
315 
Schizophytes, Schizophyta, 34, 35. 
37, 44, 47, 284. 
Scitaminesx, 192, 193, 194, 197, 198, 
Fig. 47. 
Scouring-rush (Equisetum), 139. 
Screw-pine (Pandanus), 186, 198, 228, 
268. 
Scrophulariacez, 214. 
Sea-anemone, 25. 
Sea-rocket (Cakile), 275. 
Sea-urchin, 70. 
Sea-weeds (see also ‘‘Marine Al- 
ge’’), 20, 63, 64, 287. 
Secondary growth of stems, 142, 147, 
162, 168, 172, 191, 200, 268. 
Sedges (see also ‘‘Cyperace ’’), 188, 
* 189. 
Seed, 18, 29, 160, 165, 170, 171, 172, 
183, 200, 243, 244, 245. 
Seed-plants (see also ‘“ Flowering 
plants,’ ‘“‘Spermatophytes”’), 9, 
10, 14, 16, 21, 23, 28, 30, 156, 158, 
160, 161, 174, 226, 242, 267. 
Seed-vessel, 29. 
Selaginella, Selaginellacez, 143, 144, 
145, 146, 148, 150, 152, 155, 158, 159, 
163, 169, 171, 175, 225, 226; embryo, 
145; gametophyte, 145, 146; sporo- 
phyte, 146; S. lepidophylia, 273; 
Fig. 38. 
Self-pollinated flowers, 246, 253. 
Sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis), 
237. 
Sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica), 24, 
240, 283. 
Sepal, 161, 177, 179, 185, 186, 202, 
206, 207, 208, 209, 211, 213, 218, 246, 
248, 251. 
Sequoia (see also ‘‘Giant Tree,’ 
‘Redwood ”’), 167, 174, 227, 280, 
235, 239; S. gigantea, 174, 227; 
S. sempervirens, 174, 227. 
Seta, 116, 120, 124. 
Sexual cells, 25, 27, 287. 
Sexual organs, 28, 53, 63, 73, 74, 83, 
106, 108, 116, 128. 
Sexual reproduction, 25, 41, 44, 52, 
58, 60, 62, 63, 70, 73, 83, 84, 85, 87, 
88, 106, 108, 116, 128, 160, 287; in 
