viii ANIMAL LIFE 



The work is written in the first instance for those 

 who wish to learn or teach such a survey of the animal 

 pageant as can ally itself with otservation and experi- 

 ment ; and in the second place for those who wish to 

 organise their knowledge of animal life. References 

 to fuller treatment of many topics are given at the 

 close of the chapters. 



I am indebted to Mr. Gordon Hewitt for the loan 

 of the two figures illustrating the house-fly and for 

 revising the proofs ; to the Director and staff of the 

 Manchester Museum and to Mr. Greenwood for aid 

 in obtaining the half-tone photographs ; and to the 

 publishers and authors specified under the respective 

 illustrations. Miss Emily Dust (Manchester School of 

 Art) has executed the design for the cover. My textual 

 indebtedness to the work of others cannot be clearly 

 indicated, but I may mention that the chapter of 

 insect life-histories owes much to the writings of Fabre, 

 Peckham, Miall, and Wasmann, and that the latter 

 part of the chapter on colour (especially as regards 

 ' effacing gradation ') owes much to the writings of the 

 American artist Thayer. 



F. W. Gamble. 



Manchester University : 

 March 12, 190S. 



