148 ANIMAL LIFE 



these more far-seeing warriors, having begun to capture 

 as well as to kill, acquire wealth and fame. To the 

 consequences of this simple act more than to any 

 other, civilisation is indebted for its development from 

 the ' pack,' through the pastoral to the political state. 

 The Australian remains for us the nearest of all living 

 races to that primitive hunting state ; and the nomad 

 shepherds of the East illustrate the art which has 

 given rise to ' capital ' and to ' pecuniary ' advantage 

 amongst the more advanced races. 



REFERENCES 



' Animal Behaviour' : Lloyd Morgan. 



'The Senses of Animals ' : Sir J. Lubbock (Lord Avebury). 

 ' Internat. Sci. Series,' vol. Ixv. 



Influence of domestic animals on civil history : Maine, 

 ' Ancient Law ' ; Jenks, ' History of Politics ' (Temple Primers). 



