NECKEREI. 71 



transversely, minutely toothed above, glossy, nerveless, or 

 with one or two short, faint nerves at the base; fruitstalk 

 elongated. — Hook. &; Wils. t. xxii. ; Eng. Bot. t. 617. ; (Plate 

 4, fig. 2) ; Moug. §■ Nest. n. 48. 



On rocks and stones, in alpine or subalpine, especially cal- 

 careous districts, more rarely on the trunks of trees. Bearing 

 fruit in winter and spring. 



Forming large, yellowish, bright green, or occasionally red- 

 dish-brown, elastic tufts, several inches in breadth, more or 

 less pinnate, sending down stolons below; leaves flattened, 

 rather crowded, ovate-oblong or tongue-shaped, concave at 

 the base, nerveless or with one or two short nerves, acuminate 

 or suddenly apiculate, entire below, minutely serrate above, 

 transversely and often concentrically undulated; fruitstalk 

 elongated ; sporangium ovate or globoso-ovate ; lid with a long, 

 oblique beak ; veil smooth or slightly hairy, longer than the 

 lid ; peristome pale. 



This is one of our finest Mosses, and very striking when it 

 forms large patches on the debris of limestone rocks, as at 

 Gwrwch Castle, in Denbighshire. Mr. Wilson speaks of a 

 stunted variety, with nearly circinate stems, which occurs on 

 the tops of mountains in Scotland and Ireland. The species 

 is widely distributed throughout Europe. 



4. N. complanata, Br. fy Sch. ; branches short, often 

 flagelliform ; leaves flattened, oblong, not undulated, suddenly 

 apiculate, minutely toothed at the tip ; sporangium oval, erect ; 

 fruitstalk elongated; lid beaked. — Hook, fy Wils. t. xxvi. ; 

 Eng. Bot. t. 1492. ; (Plate 4, fig. 1) ; Moug. fy Nest. n. 328. 



On the trunks of trees, in woods, and occasionally on stones. 

 Widely distributed. Bearing fruit in winter. 



Forming little dense tufts from 1 to 6 inches long, or spread 

 out flat, especially when growing on the trunks of trees; 



