SPLACHNEI. 165 



On dung and other animal substances on high Scottish 

 mountains. Bearing fruit in summer. 



Monoicous ; forming tufts varying much in depth. Leaves 

 slightly concave ; nerve strong, running into the hair-point ; 

 fruitstalk short, apophysis obconical, rather narrower than 

 the sporangium ; teeth reflected together in fours, reddish- 

 brown. 



2. T. mnioides, Br. §• Schimp. ; stems densely tufted ; leaves 

 very concave, oblongo-elliptic, extremely attenuated above, 

 nearly entire ; nerve reaching to the tip ; apophysis obovate, 

 slightly wider than the sporangium ; fruitstalk elongated ; 

 teeth in eight pairs. — Hook, fy Wils. t. ix. ; Eng. Bot. t. 786, 

 1589, 2417. ; (Plate 15, fig. 2) ; Sommerf. n. 9. 



On dung or decayed animal substances on high mountains 

 in England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales. Bearing fruit in 

 May. 



Monoicous. Tufts sometimes 3 inches long ; leaves more or 

 less erect, elliptic or obovate, elongated with an acuminate 

 hair-like point, very concave ; sporangium oval ; teeth yellow- 

 ish below, red above, collected in pairs. 



39. SPLACHNUM, L. 



Sporangium quite distinct from the large spongy apophysis, 

 which increases in size after the fruit is ripe ; veil minute, coni- 

 cal, entire or lacerated at the base ; peristome simple ; teeth 

 sixteen, disposed in pairs, reflexed when dry ; spores small. 

 Annual or perennial, loosely-tufted Mosses, growing on dung 

 of herbivorous animals. 



1. S. sphsericum, Hediv. ; dioicous; leaves obovate from a 

 narrow base, acuminate, entire or slightly toothed; sporan- 

 gium broadly oval or subglobose ; apophysis subglobose, dark- 

 red ; lid mammillary ; teeth of peristome rather large. — Hook. 



