*J54 



ORDER CXVIII. SCROPHULARIACEii. 



Flowers hermaplirodite, usually irregular : calyx free, per- 

 sistent, 5-4 merous : corolla moiiopetalous, hypogynous, pe;nta- 

 merous, or by union of the upper lobes, tetramerous, rarely 6-7 

 V merous, 'or by tHe union of the lobes, 2-lipped : aestivation bila- 

 biate or irregularly imbricate, the upper lobes either exterior or 

 within, very rarely, in some of the diandrous or didynamous 

 genera, plicate: stamens inserted on the corolla, alternate with 

 its lobes, the upper one very often, and sometimes also the two 

 anticous or posticous, sterile, of deficient, the remaining ones 

 usually in equal pairs : anthers 2-celled, either confluent or 

 dimidiately 1-celled : cells dehiscing longitudinally : ovary 

 j&ee, 2-celled : ovules numerous in each cell, inserted near the 

 axis of the partition, anatropous' or amphitropous : style simple 

 or shortly bifid, the stigmatic portion slender or thickened, en- 

 tire, or 2-lobed : fruit capsular with various dehiscence or rarely 

 baccate: placentae 4, either separating during dehiscence or 

 ■variously united between themselves, or with the margins of 

 bhe valves, or with the central column : seeds albuminous with 

 the embryo straight, or rarely curved, sometimes indefinite 

 with the radicle directed to the hilum, sometimes few or defi- 

 nite with the hilum more or less lateral, and the radicle directed 

 to the apex Of the fruit. — Hetbs, undershrubs or shrubs : lot^rer 

 Ifeaves opposite or whorled, the upper ones alternate, sometimes 

 all opposite or all alternate, venation and clothing very vari-- 

 able : stipules usually none : flowers axillary or racemose, rarely 

 spiked : peduncles opposite or alternate, sometimes simple, 1- 

 flowered, sometimes many-flowered, in dichotomous cymes : 

 bracts 2, opposite at the ramifications of the cymes, solitary 

 ander the pedicel?, no bracteoles on the pedicels, or 1-2 alter- 

 nate, or 2 opposite under the calyx: two opposite on a 1 -flower- 

 ed peduncle indicates a cyme reduced to a single flower. 



