MACACUS. 47 



also distinguished by tlie great length of its fur, which is generally 4| inches long. 

 But M. brunneus and M. melanotm are also remarkable as young monkeys for the 

 length of their fur ; and the idea at once presents itself on a close comparison 

 that they are only the young of this larger monkey. It would further seem that 

 M. brunneus (type specimen) represents the youngest stage, before annulation has 

 commenced, the young being born with a purely uniform brown fur; the 

 M. brunneus of the British Museum and M. melanotus showing the commencement 

 and progress of annulation, which in them is confined to certain parts, but in 

 the end would have involved the whole of the fur as in the adult. 



This large monkey was, I believe, correctly named by Dr. Sclater, in the printed 

 list of the animals living in the Society's Gardens, as M. speciosus, E. Cuvier. Mr. 

 Gerrard informs me that Dr. Gray never examined this specimen, and that during 

 his life-time it stood in the British Museum as M. speciosus, so that Dr. Gray's 

 M. melanotus of Ogilby referred only to that type ; but this large monkey has now 

 been placed under the same specific name. Its red face, short, stumpy tail, little 

 more than an inch long and sparsely clad, its long fur " plusieurs fois anneles de 

 brun et de roux clair," at once suggest its affinity to 31. arctoides, Geoff. St.-Hilaire, 

 which is verified by comparing it with the figure of that type of this species given 

 in the "Magasin de Zoologie;" and the evidence of its identity with it is conclusive 

 when its skull is compared with the skuU of M. arctoides figured by Blainville, the 

 British Museum skull of this specimen agreeing in every respect with the skull of 

 the type ; and I am further convinced of the identity of the two by the personal 

 observation of both. 



I now propose to consider whether the characters manifested by the skull of 

 M. melanotus, Ogilby, and the skulls of M. brunneus, Andr., so agree as to entitle 

 us to regard them as of one species ; and if so, whether the details in which 

 they differ from M. arctoides, Is. Geoff., are to be viewed in any other light than as 

 appertaining to youth. 



Here I may remark that all these specimens belong to the male sex. 



The skull of the Liverpool specimen has the bicuspids and two permanent 

 molars fully through the jaw, but the incisors are only half exposed ; the last molar 

 is not above the margin of its alveolus. The palate is 2"18 inches long, and from 

 the internal alveolar margin of one side to that of the other, it is 0'97 in breadth 

 at its middle, and of equal breadth as far forwards as the hinder border of the 

 canines, anterior to which it slightly contracts. 



In the type of M. melanotus the permanent teeth which have cut the upper jaw 

 thoroughly, are the first molar, the first incisors, and the bicuspids ; the second 

 incisors are well exposed, but not to their whole length, which is also the case with 

 the second molar. The milk-canines have not been shed, and their successors have 

 not pierced the bone ; but the tip of the left is visible in its socket internal to the 

 milk-tooth, but on the right side the permanent tooth is not visible. The alveolar 

 arch over the last molar is only feebly perforated, and the tooth, which can be 



