MACACUS. 75 



by the observation of the skins and skeletons of several adult ferine males shot 

 towards the east of Moulmein. 



The leading features of this animal are, its massive form, its large head closely 

 set on the shoulders, its stout and rather short legs, its slender loins and heavy 

 buttocks, its tail thick at the base, and its very full and prominent scrotum. The 

 general colour of the monkey does not call for any remark, as it conforms to that of 

 the species, and it has the bluish white area internal to the eyes and palish eyelids. 

 The great development of the temporal muscles confers considerable breadth to the 

 head and gives rise to a well-marked mesial furrow, extending backwards from 

 behind the supraorbital crests, indicating that the temporal ridges are confluent. 

 The supraorbital ridges are well defined, the forehead behind them being slightly 

 concave ; but they do not much overhang the eyes, which are moderately large. 

 The muzzle is long, full, and downwardly tending, with a rather heavy bearded 

 chin. The nose is but little raised above the level of the face, which is pale 

 brownish, while the ears, which are erect, pointed, and nearly nude, are blackish. 

 The hands and feet are also blackish. The skin of the chest and upper part 

 of the belly is bluish, most intense in the region of the nipple. The scrotum is 

 brownish, blotched with livid blue. 



The distinguishing features assigned to M. carhonarius by E. Cuvier are its 

 blackish brown face and ears, the same colour pervading the naked skin of the hands, 

 the feet, and the callosities. The upper eyelids are described as white — an occurrence 

 which, he remarks, is singularly common among monkeys. The scrotum is a tawny 

 yellow. M. cynomolgus, on the other hand, is livid-faced, with a white area between 

 the eyes, which Cuvier notices as one of the most remarkable peculiarities of the 

 species. The hands and feet are black and the scrotum flesh-coloured. He states 

 that the Macaque a face noire resembles the Macaque a face tannee in the character 

 and coloration of its fur. 



With regard to the white area between the eyes, a series of dark and livid- 

 faced Macaques will generally be found to illustrate that this character is not 

 restricted to the Macaque a face tannee, or essentially peculiar to it. Dark-faced 

 Macaques may often be observed, with the bluish white area internal to the eyes 

 quite as well developed as in those with livid faces ; for examples of the latter are 

 not uncommon, in which it is either almost entirely absent or existing only to a 

 feeble degree. Even in individuals in which it constitutes a prominent facial 

 character, it will be seen that it generally distributes itself to a greater or less extent on 

 to the upper eyelids, so that those of typical M. cynomolgus almost invariably partake 

 of the character of the eyelids of M. carhonarius. Moreover, it would appear that 

 in either type of face when the internal pale area is feebly marked, the bluish white 

 is not so well defined on the eyelids, and vice versa ; but at the same time Macaques 

 of these types are met with in which the bluish white colour is equally intense, 

 both internal to the eyes and on the upper eyelids. It is therefore conclusive 

 that this local coloration is subject to considerable variation. The observation 



