RUMINANTIA. 339 



adult, being 6"60 inches in extreme length. These two Chinese species, there- 

 fore, are considerably smaller than C. nmntjac, with which these skulls can never 

 be confounded, and I shall therefore only indicate wherein these two nearly alKed 

 barking-deer differ from each other in the cranial characters. The skull of C. 

 reevesii, Ogilby, is distinguished from that of C lacrymans, A. M. -Edwards, by its 

 greater breadth and shortness, these characters being also distinctive of the muzzle 

 of the animal as compared with that of C. ^acrT/mfM^s, which is also easily recognised, 

 as pointed out by A. M.-Edwards, by the great size of its lachrymal fossa, which 

 nearly equals the diameter of the orbit. ^ The shortness of the muzzle chiefly 

 depends on the less forward extension of the premaxillaries of C. reevesii, which so 

 affects the length of the premaxillary foramen that that opening in C. lacrymans 

 is one-third longer than in C. reevesii ; of course it is also shown in the relative 

 palatal lengths of the premaxillaiies, which, when compared with the transverse 

 breadth of the interspace between the canines and the premolars, brings out the 

 distinctive features of the two skulls in these respects. In C. lacrymans the palatal 

 length of the premaxillaries is considerably in excess of the breadth across the 

 foregoing edentulous interspace, whereas in C. reevesii it falls short of the latter 

 measurement. The form, of the palatal surface, between the canines and premolars, 

 is evidently liable to variation in C. lacrymans, as the breadth of the interspace 

 between the ciuwed ridges that run from the premolars to the canines is broader in 

 the skull depicted by A. M.-Edwards than in the type of C. sclateri, while in other 

 respects the skulls are identical and in no way separable specifically. In C. reevesii, 

 on the other hand, this interspace is always broader than in C. lacrymans. The 

 greater breadth of the skull of the former is due to the more outward shelving of 

 the external supra-alveolar portion of the maxilla. In C. reevesii the transverse 

 breadth of this region of the skull is considerably in excess of the width across 

 the base of the skull opposite to the middle of the articular surface of the squam- 

 ous, while in G. lacrymans that measurement only equals the latter. The pre- 

 orbital fossa, besides being not so large or rounded in C. reevesii as in C. lacrymans, 

 has the upper border formed by the lachrymal sharp and narrow, instead of being 

 broad and flattened as in C. lacrymans. 



I observe that there is occasionally an indication of tine-like processes on the 

 sides of the pedicles, and there is an example of this kind in the British Museum 

 in an adult skuU of C. muntjac, in which a horny rosette, with a constricted osseous 

 base, buds from the outside of one pedicle. The rugosities on the curve of the 

 pedicles of the deformed skuU described by Dr. Gray as C. curvostylis are akin to 

 these growths. 



C. lacrymans and other barking-deer have generally no trace of the black band 

 on the nape which occurs in C. reevesii, but I observe in one specimen of O. munt- 

 jac from Nepal a faint indication of such a line. 



1 Dr. Gray, in the Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1873, vol xii. p. 425, remarks that " an alteration in the size of the 

 tear-pit is observable in the old and young of C. sclateri, in which the adult has the tear-pit very like that of C. reevesii, 

 but larger, more circular, and deeper; but in the young of this species the pit is distinct, but more oblong and com- 

 paiatively shallow, especially in the upper part." 



