726 EEPTILIA. 



In the female, these parts have an olive tinge, especially on the chin and throat, 

 and the former is spotted with orange. The skin of the axillary region, and the base 

 of the neck and the inner surface of the limbs, and the corresponding part of the 

 hind limbs and hind quarters are pale greyish in the male, with a decided yellowish 

 tinge in the female ; the scales on the lower division of the upper and under surface 

 of the hmbs of both sexes being wholly black. In the female, the insides of the 

 limbs are yellowish, involving the large rows of scales that occur on these parts, 

 which in the male are concolorous with the grey under surfaces. The claws are jet 

 black. The iris is dark brown, almost black. 



The skull differs somewhat from the skull of the Indian examples of the 

 species in the stronger denticulation of the jaws, but this character is variable 

 throughout the varieties. In other respects the skulls of aU the varieties are, I 

 find, specifically identical, after a careful consideration of them and an attempt 

 to discover specific characters by which to separate them. 



Dr. Gray on two occasions figiued skulls which he referred to this species. 

 Of his fii'st figure he remarked : — " Skull figured as Emys trijuga, Gray, Cat. 

 Sh. E.ept., B. M., t. 37, f. 2 {" E. stibtrijuga, figure not good, zygomatic arch 

 too broad and extending to the ear bone").^ As Dr. Gray did not state from whence 

 the skull was obtained, and as he acknowledged the inaccuracy of the figure, it is 

 impossible to say what species it may represent. He gave the source of his second 

 figure as Dr. Oldham, but does not mention whence Dr. Oldham obtained it, but 

 as Dr. Oldham presented specimens of natural history to the British Museum both 

 from India and from Burma, the skull may be from one or other of those widely 

 different regions. This second figure does not agree any more than the former 

 with the skulls which I have removed from the bodies of Madras and Ceylon 

 examples of JEmys trijuga, and no more does it agree with the skuU of this 

 Biu-mese variety. One of the faults Dr. Gray found with his first figiu^e was that 

 the zygomatic arch was I'epresented as reaching to the ' ear bone,' but the same 

 feature occurs also in Dr. Gray's second figm'e. 



The skull of the female is slightly narrower in its anterior half than the male 

 skull. The upper surface of the adult skull is perfectly flat, and the nasal portion is 

 not depressed, but in young specimens there is a slight swelling over the pre-frontals, 

 and the extremities of these bones are slightly arched from side to side. The orbits 

 are large, oval, dilated anteriorly, and rather pointed posteriorly. The naso-orbital 

 region is narrow, but below that, the orbital surface of the maxilla is triangular. 

 The infra-orbital area is shallow. The jugal is very narrow and spicular, and the 

 post-frontal is of moderate breadth, and nearly twice as broad as the quadrato-jugal, 

 which is so smaU that it is apt to be lost. The nasal cavity is truncatedly trian- 

 gular, broad above, narrow below. The premaxiUaries are very narrow, and flat- 

 tened in the mesial line, as they are partially separated by a shallow notch with 

 a feeble denticulation external to it in the young skulls, but which in the 

 adult becomes reduced to a slight, hardly perceptible swelling. The maxiUary 



1 Suppl. Cat. Sh. Kept,, 1871, p. 34. 



