SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDS 61 



in this test increases the efficiency of corn for making 

 beef, there must of necessity be less of the corn in the 

 droppings of the steers for producing gains on the pigs. 

 It is not probable that the pigs get much benefit from 

 the undigested portion of these concentrated feeds, 

 especially where whole corn is fed. 



A comparison of the cost of gains will bring out 

 forcibly the point that the most efficient rations are not 

 necessarily the most economical producers of gains. 

 Notwithstanding the fact that the cattle receiving the 

 oil meal and gluten meal were enough better finished to 

 sell in the open market for 20 cents per hundredweight 

 more than the ones getting corn as the only concentrate, 

 a comparison of the relative profit indicates that with 

 feeds at the prices named it matters but little so far as 

 visible profits are concerned whether or not the cattle 

 feeder uses these nitrogenous feeds for two-year-old cattle 

 for winter feeding. In the financial statements given 

 no charge has been made for interest on investment in 

 cattle, hogs, and equipment, or for labor required, nor 

 are the cattle and hogs credited with any fertilizer pro- 

 duced. It should not be overlooked, however, that 

 while in actual visible returns one ration appears about 

 as good as another, as a matter of fact the manure 

 from the oil meal or gluten meal fed steers would be con- 

 siderably more valuable than that from the steers fed 

 corn only. The cost of gains looks low, and it is low 

 only because corn is charged at the rate of 35 cents per 

 bushel. 



The question of the use of these supplementary feeds 

 where clover, alfalfa, or cow-pea hay is not available 

 will be considered next. 



NITROGENOUS CONCENTRATES 



It frequently happens that the cattle feeder does 



not have alfalfa or clover hay to use as roughage in 



fattening cattle and must depend upon timothy hay, 



corn stover, or straw. In such instances it becomes a 



