LOsnON AND SUBURBS. 55 



open sky, and ferments together. On the top it is com- 

 monly covered with straw-litter, halm-byssje. As a 

 great part of the land round London is laid out in 

 meadows and pastures, and the owners are very careful 

 by all means to cover over the grass-lands with it, be- 

 cause they can thus obtain a larger profit from them, so 

 they commonly manure their meadows once a year, which 

 is done thus. In September or October, or also later, 

 when the cattle are no longer driven on to the meadows 

 or pastures, they take the manure which has lain and 

 rotted in the above-named heaps, carry it out on to the 

 meadow, and there spread it out somewhat thinly. The 

 rain, which at this season of the year commonly follows 

 this, washes the manure down to the roots of the grass, 

 so that it does not evaporate, at den ej svinner bart 

 i luften. Hence it happens that the meadows around 

 London bear so luxuriant and abundant a grass-crop tha t 

 they can be mown so early, and several times a year. 

 [T.I. p. 426.] 



This well rotted manure, the time of year when it is 

 spread out on the meadows, and the English climate, in 

 which not much snow falls at a time in the winter to wash 

 away the best and fattest of the manure in melting, cause 

 the meadows to fare incomparably well on it, and accounts 

 for no one here knowing much about what it is for the 

 manure spread on the meadows to burn up the grass. 



Rag sallsynt omkring London. 



Rye rare around London. 



To-day for the first time we saw rye growing here in 

 England, for in all the places we had been at before we 

 had not seen one rye plant, rag-stand, because it is 

 wheat that is grown everywhere here. This rye now 

 stood in the ear, everywhere, and was tolerably fine, so 



