78 KALM'S ENGLAND. 



square in which the Marcasite is spread out, syringes, 

 sprutor, to which the water is led through leaden pipes 

 underground. To get the water there, there is a pump- 

 ing-machine a little way off, which is driven by horses, so 

 that the water is pumped to these syringes by means of 

 three pumps. They can thus, by means of a small long 

 pipe of copper, which is screwed on to the syringe, and 

 can be turned round to all sides, spread the water on all 

 sides over the iron pyrites or Marcasite here spread out, 

 and thus to a certain extent perform the same service as 

 the rain, to wash down the effloresced vitriol-meal or salt. 

 This vitriol-works lies close to the river Thames, so that 

 one has the advantage of seeing all the ships that pass 

 up and down the river. 



From the Thames there goes an arm up close by these 

 vitriol works ; therefore, when the Thames rises at high 

 water, as much of the flood water is collected in the dug 

 channels as is wanted, and is afterwards penned in by a 

 sluice-gate, dam-bord, when it is ebb in the river 

 Thames, or the water falls very low. All the water 

 which falls into the effloresced Marcasite, Svafvel- 

 kesen, either from rain or from the syringes, filters 

 .through the same down to the bottom, after it has first 

 dissolved, lost up, all the vitriol-salt which it has met 

 with, and carries it with it in the above named way 

 through the gutters or pipes to the cistern in the house 

 where the Vitriol is boiled. 



From this cistern it is pumped by hand up to the pan 

 in which it is boiled to Vitriol. This pan, panna, is of 

 lead, very large, quadrilateral, lies with [T. I. p. 467] its 

 bottom on closely-laid iron bars, and a fire is lighted 

 under it in two ovens close beside each other, entirely 

 supplied with coal. 



If they notice that the heat becomes too strong under 

 the pan, they can diminish it by this means — that on the 



