I36 KALM'S ENGLAND. 



other inconveniences. [There are three species, natives 

 of Southern Europe, Italy, Spain, Turt. v. 32, 1806.] 



Quercus (Linn. Sort. Cliff 448, 2). Ilex, C.B. 

 [Q. Ilex L.J, together with several varieties of it, was 

 used here for hedges round the "Wildernesses," or "Laby- 

 rinths," and mazes, irrgangar, and other " quarters." 

 These hedges were very thick, well admitted of being 

 clipped, and looked very beautiful. 



Mespilu s spinosa, Linn. H.C. 189, 2, Pyracantha,T. B. 

 [Mespilus Pyracantha, L. 1770, II. 343], now M. Ger- 

 manica, was used in many places for hedges, and looked 

 very pretty. Especially they had planted it against the 

 brick walls of houses on the sides facing the roads, where 

 it climbed up the wall and, with its green leaves, the 

 whole year through, made the walls very pretty. 



Buxus arbor escens, C. B. [B. Sempervirens, L.J, was 

 used in different places for hedges in, as well as round, 

 gardens and ordinary crofts, sa uti, som omkring 

 tragardar och ordinaira gardar, clips well, and 

 made one of the thickest and most beautiful hedges. 



Tran til hackar som hvar Host falla sin lof. 



Trees in hedges which shed their leaves every autumn. 



Ulmus, 219. Aim, elm [U. Campestris], was 

 enough used for hedges, and grew to a considerable 

 height. They had two sorts of this tree, in particular, 

 one which grew [T. I. p. 162] very high and was used 

 for hedges on some sides of the gardens to ward off the 

 blast, and one which was less, and which was used for 

 smaller hedges. 



Tilia, 432. Lind, lime [T. EuropseaJ, and other 

 varieties of it, was used in the same kind of places as the 

 Elm, and grew high enough. 



Carpinus, 786 [C. Betulus], Hornbeam, was some- 

 times very much used for hedges in gardens. It was 



