152 KALM'S ENGLAND. 



Lolium radice perenni. Linn. 104 [Lolium perenne]. These 

 plants now stood everywhere very beautiful. The carl 

 who accompanied us said that when clover and ray-grass 

 are sown together, the ray-grass prevents the cows 

 from swelling or bursting, when they eat too much of 

 the too satisfying clover.* 



Mr. Williams at Little Gaddesden said that the same 

 effect is produced if clover and trefoil (Medicago legumini- 

 bus reniformibus, Linn. 621) [M. lupulina~\ are sown 

 together. 



In some places where they had last year cut clover, 

 the 'stub' or 'haulm,' stubben eller balmen, which 

 they had left remaining was now collected and laid in heaps 

 to be carried home and laid among [T. I. p. 346] other 

 straw in the farm yard, to rot together to manure. If 

 this dry stub was left to stand on the ground it would 

 hinder the growth of the new clover. 



Krit-grop Strata in a chalk-pit. On the S.W. side 

 of a hill in a field there was a large chalkpit where they 

 had taken chalk, to be carried out on to the fields for 

 manure. Here the sides were not of bare chalk, without 

 beds of another kind of rock but the strata lay in the 

 following order : — 



Ft. ins. 



i. On the top, the brick-colored earth, tegel- 

 fargade jorden, sometimes 1 foot, 

 sometimes 2 feet thick ; for in some 

 places this stratum was more, in other 

 places less thick 1 o 



2. Chalk, krita, with which flints, flint-stenar, 



were mixed here and there 1 o 



3. The brick-colored earth, 2 or 3 inches o 3 



* " They have lately sown Ray grass, Gramen loliaceum, to improve 

 cold, sour, clayey weeping ground, unfit for Saint Foin.'' Plot. Nat. Hist, 

 of Oxfordshire. 1677. Fol. [J. L.] 



