156 KALM'S ENGLAND. 



a cut-off parallelogram, so that, when the four square walls 

 of the tower were finished, the tower also was commonly 

 complete, only that the sides on the top resembled old 

 town walls, gamla stads-rrmrar, alias, that on the 

 top of the walls there was left a row of spaces on all the 

 sides, the same breadth as the brickwork that was con- 

 tinued upwards between the openings.* In the middle, 

 or towards one side of this tower a thin pole was erected, 

 on which, on certain occasions a flag was hoisted, either 

 of one colour or another. To-day we saw flags hoisted 

 on all the church towers in St. Alban's, some white, 

 others red, some of other colours. [T. I. p. 349. J The 

 reason was said to be, that it was done to celebrate the 

 Duke of Cumberland's birthday, which was to-day. 



Hast hoar. Horse troughs. 



At Colney they had in one place and another horse- 

 troughs, out of which the horses drank, lined with lead. I 

 have also seen the same both before and since at many 

 other places here in England. 



Orter begarlige for Svin. Plants Enjoyed by Swine. 



Outside Colney there went some swine and ate of the 

 green plants which stood in the bank under a hedge. I 

 noted that Alsine media C.B. [Stellaria Media] Chick- 

 weed, was a very favorite food with them, but they did 

 not trouble themselves about young nettles, Nasslor, 

 of both kinds, Urtica urens minor, C.B. and Uriica Urens 

 Maxima, C.B. \U. urens. L. {small nettle) and U. Dioica L. 

 (great nettle) Stinging Nettles, Ger. Nessel. Hoffm. 1791 



P- 335-1 



The 16th April, 1748. 



We continued our journey from Colney, where we lay 



* Most of these brick battlements are later additions to ancient towers. 



[J. L.] 



