WOODFORD. 173 



large square boxes, lador, of lead, 4 or 6 inches deep, in 

 which the milk curdles, skal lopna, in the summer very 

 well, and becomes most delicious. The sweet milk was 

 sold to the neighbouring inhabitants, who did not them- 

 selves keep cows ; but that which was over was siled in 

 the above-named manner and made into butter. The 

 butter was churned or " Kerned," [Nidderdale], in tub- 

 shaped kerns, karnades i tunnor, which were turned 

 round by a handle. The kern-milk, karn-mjolken, was 

 sold to the poor, or swine were fattened with it. 



Drangarne. The farm servants were sufficiently 

 occupied during the day with various outdoor duties 

 such as the care of cattle, ploughing, plojning, sowing, 

 carting, korning, repairing hedges, &c, but as soon as 

 they entered the cottage, stugan, in the evening, they 

 did not apply themselves to the least work, more than 

 that they ate, sat, and talked till eleven o'clock in the 

 evening. They never troubled themselves to make 

 wagons, or agricultural implements, for all such things 

 were bought of certain people in the country, whose 

 special business it was to make them. 



For fuel, coal was partly used, which was bought in 

 London and carted here, partly and mostly wood, ved, 

 which their hedges so richly provided them with, espe- 

 cially their oaks, Ekar, and other trees, which they poll, 

 topphuga, and leave to strike out new shoots, as has 

 been mentioned before. 



Stekvandare, meat-jacks, or spits, they have in 

 every house in England. They are turned by a weight, 

 which is drawn up as often as it has run down. The 

 spits themselves are of iron, simply made, a very 

 [T. I. p. 366] Useful invention, which lightens labour 

 amongst a people who eat so much meat. 



[Kalm was in London from April 21, to May 7, 1748.] 



