174 KALM'S ENGLAND. 



[T. I. p. 390.] The yth May, 1748. 



In the morning I went from London out to Woodford 

 in Essex, to Mr. Warner. 



Gras, ogras, &c, til dref-bankar. 



Grass, weeds, &c, in forcing beds. 



Mr. Warner had had the grass cut in several places 

 in his garden, and laid it in a heap, to be carried down 

 to the bottom of a hot -bed, dref-bank, and afterwards 

 mould, mull, over it, to use instead of unfermented 

 horse-dung ; for when moist hay, ratt b.6, comes to lie 

 tight together it begins to ferment, and thus generates as 

 much heat as unrotted horse-dung causes, when it is laid 

 and trampled down in a hotbed. At several places in 

 Chelsea, near London, I saw that the market gardeners had 

 all the weeds collected together, which they had come 

 across in their market gardens, and had laid them in large 

 heaps to use for the same purpose. 



Massans hastiga vaxt. Rapid Growth of Moss. 



The earth seemed in many places here in England, 

 especially if it was meagre, to favour the growth of mosses 

 almost more than I have seen in other places. When 

 they had laid earth in pots, and had sown some plants 

 therein, it often happened that the moss began to come 

 up in the pot some few days afterwards. The more 

 meagre the earth, so much the quicker was the moss said 

 to come up. This moss was all of the genus Bryum. Pots, 

 krukor eller pattor, in which they had laid mould, 

 and sown plants six months [T. I. p. 391] or so before, 

 were on the top so covered over with moss that the mould 

 in the pot could with difficulty be seen. Some of these 

 pots stood in hot-beds under glass, others under the open 

 sky. I saw the rapid growth of this moss in pots in 

 many places. 



