19° KALM'S ENGLAND. 



different occasions — not one, but very many — of those 

 who lived here — farmers and other men — where and at 

 whose establishment they believed Mr. Ellis had his 

 implements and ploughs, &c, made. They answered 

 that all implements that gentlemen, and others who had 

 read his writings, order of him, are made by the plough- 

 maker, Plog-makaren, who lived close beside the 

 house where I lodged, for Mr. Ellis gives him the 

 model and describes it to him, and contracts with 

 hjim what he shall have for the woodwork, but the 

 smith who lived close to the park (Ashridge Park), 

 constructs the iron, according to the model and 

 description Mr. Ellis has given him, and that he receives 

 from Mr. Ellis the payment they have agreed upon, som 

 de kommit dfverens om. Afterwards, Mr. Ellis sets 

 whatever price he likes on the ploughs or implements 

 which have been ordered of him. These farmers denied 

 entirely that Mr. Ellis had his implements made at the 

 establishment of any other man at a distance from here, 

 as he himself told me. 



Still, I put to those who lived here, not once, but 

 many times, the following questions : — Q. Whether Mr. 

 Ellis uses, or has used, on his arable land any other kinds 

 of implements than the other Farmers in this parish or 

 village ? All answered unanimously that he had never 

 used other or more than they, and that the ploughs 

 which he uses are the same as they had used from time 

 immemorial [T. I. p. 191], only they said that he on 

 some single occasion, for his amusement, may have used 

 some others, perhaps, for an hour. They unanimously 

 bore testimony to the fact that he sells a number of the 

 same implements as he has described in his books, to 

 different gentlemen. 



Q. Whether Mr. Ellis uses on his arable any other kind 

 of manure than the other farmers in Little Gaddesden ? 



