208 



KALM S ENGLAND. 



was a large brickyard, Tegel-bruk, where a multitude 

 of bricks, Tegel, were made. The fuel which was then 

 used to lay in the brick-kilns, Tegel-Ugnarna, and to 

 burn the bricks with, was small bundles and twigs of 

 beech, but especially these brackens. We saw large 

 heaps of it lying in the brickyard, thatched with straw. 

 The folk said that these ferns give in the burning a much 

 stronger heat than many kinds of wood. 



Furze is said not to come up to this, in that respect, 

 by a long way. A worthy old farmer assured me that 

 brackens ought to be reckoned amongst the best fuel, as 

 he could testify from a long experience. He used it for 

 baking and much else. In many places it was also seen 

 collected, and thrown amongst the straw under the cattle 

 in the farm yard, there to lie and rot, and by that means 

 form manure. It is also used to lay on the ground under 

 wheat, pease, and barley stacks. 



The 51st March, 1748. 



In the morning we went over several arable fields, 

 meadows, and pastures, to view the condition of the 

 district and the country. 



[T. I. p. 210]. Arter, pease were sown here in very 

 many places, and that always in ' broad-cast-land ' or 

 on flat-ploughed plots, jamna aker-stycken. Each 

 ' cast,' or space between the water- furrows, was about 20 

 feet broad. A cross furrow went down at the end, but I 

 saw not for what use, for it lay like an earth bank down 

 there, and held back, qvarhdlt, the water which had 

 flowed down there from above when it was raining, for 

 the bank of the water-furrow was so large and broad 

 that it dammed back the down-flowing water and 

 hindered its running off. The pease were here either 

 sown in the same way as we sow our crops, or also 

 in rows. 



