LITTLE GADDESDEN. 229 



Spanors forvarande. The saving of Chips. 

 Just outside the Duke's house a number of labourers 

 were engaged in wood-cutting of different kinds, at 

 slogda atskilligt. The chips, Spanorna, which 

 resulted, were not left to lie strewn around on the hill, 

 but it was the duty of one of the carls to gather them 

 together and lay them up in heaps, which were mostly 

 conical in shape, liknade COner, so to be left to dry, 

 after which they were carried under cover, tak, to be 

 afterwards used as fuel, til bransle. 



Trarotters och qvistars aktsamma samlande 

 til bransle. The careful collecting of tree-roots and 

 sticks for fuel. 



I have said before that this extensive park mostly 

 consisted of large and lofty beeches, and many other 

 trees. Here and there they had cut down some of them, 

 and sold the smooth part, den slata delen, or sawn it up 

 into boards, but those of which the stem had been knotty 

 and uneven was cut up for firewood and piled up in cords, 

 trafvat up i famnar, * either to be used for the duke's 

 own requirements, or, principally, to be sold to those who 

 lived round about the park, but had themselves no access 

 to fuel. 



When the beeches and trees were cut down and felled 

 to the ground, they were cut off close to the earth. Two 

 or three years after that, the stub that had been left, den 

 qvarlamnade stubben, together with all the roots 

 proceeding from it, large and small, which one could 

 find, was dug up, cut up into small pieces, and arranged! 



* M»»«, "FAMN VED, «n/i;*fe(." Veste. Lex. [J. L.] 



t " Cord of Wood, a parcel of firewood 4 foot broad, 4 foot high, 



and eight. foot long.' 1 Bailey Eng. Die, 15th ed., 1753 — the date of Kalm's 



present, or 1st Vol. [J. L.] 



