LITTLE GADDESDEN. 245 



about the soles were nails knocked in quite close beside 

 each other. It was also knocked full of nails under the 

 middle of the sole, far more than under our dalesmen's 

 shoes, Dalcarlars skor,* so that they can go with 

 these a long time before they are worn out. They had 

 sometimes gaiters, 16sa stdfvel-skaft, which were not 

 fastened to the shoes, but were used in the same way as 

 damascor with us in Sweden, only that these are strapped 

 together on the outer side of the leg. 



Tegel af den gula jorden. From the reddish- 

 brown earth inclining to yellow, which everywhere here 

 lies immediately upon the chalk, they make and burn 

 their bricks, Tegel, here. Some are said to make 

 bricks of it without adding any sand. This yellow earth 

 looks like a yellowish-red clay, gulrod lera, and is very 

 tenacious and binding. 



In the afternoon we walked a long time about the 

 arable fields and pastures with Mr. Williams, a farmer 

 here in Little Gaddesden, who of all who lived here was 

 indisputably the greatest Practicus in Rural Economy. 

 He counted it a special pleasure to relate to me his 

 different contrivances in farming economy, sina hvar- 

 jehanda hushalds grep. When we got to see his 

 arable fields and meadows, with their state and manner 

 of cultivation we could not sufficiently admire them, for 

 they excelled many fold both Mr. Ellis's and the other 

 farmers' arable fields. Indeed, all that belonged to Mr. 

 Williams out of doors and at home in all departments 

 of Rural Economy was such that the others could not 

 come near it. 



[T. I. p. 246.J Akrens godning. 



Manuring the ploughed fields. 



If practicable, and the season permits, he causes his 

 * Dalecarlia is in Swedish, " Dalarna," the dales. [J. L.] 



