254 



just as it was required, but their ordinary food was the 

 following chaff, hackelse : He had the haulm of barley 

 and pease, wheat-awns and ears chopped up, and with 

 this was put a little of the straw about 4 inches long, 

 more or less, together with hay. This was all cut up so 

 small, that it was little larger than coarse cut tobacco. 

 After that they had blended all these together, and laid 

 it dry in the crib for the horses, who ate it willingly and 

 nourished well on it. 



Strata uti Kritgropar, in chalk pits. 



In the hill, backen, on which Little • Gaddesden 

 was built, there was a chalk pit from which they had in 

 former times taken chalk. Here the strata were in this 

 order : — 



Ft. Ins. 



1. The top soil, svartmyllan, or the brick- 



colored earth, consisted of decayed plants 

 and the brick-colored clay and chalk, in some 

 places j ell, in other places 1 ell 



2. Chalk of the ordinary loose kind [shrave], 6 ells 



3. A stratum of the brick-colored clay, 3 inches ... 



Total 



Malt-hus. Besides that Mr. Williams was a great 

 farmer, he had also large profits from malting, at han 

 maltade malt, and sold it to [T. I. p. 254] all the 

 surrounding inhabitants. He showed us the malthouse, 

 which was large enough. The floor was made of the stone 

 called Freestone which is dug six English miles from 

 hence, and which is brayed to dust, bokas sonder til 

 stoft, mixed with water, and prepared as clay, ler, and 

 after that the floor of the malthouse is made of it. The 

 floor was somewhat sloping, so that the water could run 



