26o KALM'S ENGLAND. 



Genista Spinosa [Ulex Europaeus]. Furze as fuel. 



We saw in many places in the before-mentioned great 

 arid common, betesmarken, considerable heaps of 

 Genista Spinosa, furze, which had been here cut and after- 

 wards laid together to be thence [T. I. p. 259] carried home 

 for fuel. This fuel was a collection of furze, brackens, 

 Ormbunkar, and dry loads of grass, amongst which, 

 however, Genista Spinosa, furze, formed the greater part. 



Buxbom planterad pa torra backar. 



Box bushes planted on dry hills. 



On one of the high chalk hills that exist here the 

 Duke of Bridgewater had caused to be planted, partly in 

 rows as hedges, partly in the form of small woods, a 

 quantity of box-tree, Buxus ar&omc£ws,C[aspar] Bfaauhin] 

 The height of these trees was 4, 5, or 6 feet. They 

 throve here very well. The place on which they grew 

 was one of the highest-lying and driest of all that can be 

 imagined, where grass and other plants from the dryness, 

 and perhaps from the sterility of the soil, had entirely 

 perished and died out, for these lay just facing the 

 greatest heat of the sun starkaste Solbaddet, a little 

 below the highest ridge on the south side of a high hill.* 

 In appearance, dryness and sterility, the hill sufficiently 

 resembled Polaks-backarna near Upsala ; but the soil 

 was here quite another kind, viz., the yellow chalk soil, 

 besides that this hill was getting on for two or three 

 times higher than the Polaks-backe. The Duke of 

 Bridgewater sold much of this boxwood in London to 

 turners. 



* Buxbom. These bushes still exist, 1886 ; the highest about IS feet. 

 The height of the ground is 760 feet on the east side of Steps hill, just below 

 the highest ridge, which here runs N. and S. where I saw them. Sep. 22nd. 



[J. L.] 



