LITTLE GADDESDEN. 26 1 



Akrarnas belagenhet, Jordmon, &c, omkring, 



Ivinghoe. 

 The situation of the arable fields, soil, &c, around Ivinghoe. 



On the south side of the hills, about an English mile 

 before one arrives at Ivinghoe, there lie some frightfully 

 high chalk hills, which on almost all sides are steep, 

 branta, but most of all on that which faces the N.W. 

 [Steps Hill.] 



At the foot of these chalk hills, to the N.W., N., and 



N.E. [Ward's Coombe] sides lie very large arable fields, 



which for the most part are quite smooth, jamna, 



and to the view sufficiently resemble the arable plain of 



Upland. The arable [T. I. p. 260] hereabouts, on which 



wheat was sown were laid out partly in broadlands, or 



mostly flat-ploughed plots, partly in two-bout-lands, or in 



small riggs, ryggar, with water furrows between : still 



broadland was most used. The broadlands were also, for 



the most part, quite flat, or just the least thing higher in 



the middle, sa godt som foga ting hogre midt pa. 



Here appear no ditches, no acre-reins, not even fences, 



gardesgard, or hedges around the arable fields, 



akrarna. They lay in Common-Field, or in teg-skiften, 



though there was no rein between the ' lands,'* 



tegarna, but they were separated only by a narrow 



water-furrow, vattu-far. The colour and the soil, 



Fargen OCh Jordmon, here were now quite another 



sort, and different from what we had seen before, for the 



colour of the arable was here mostly white, or very light 



grey, which caused anyone who saw these ploughed fields 



from a distance before he had taken a good view of them 



to think they had been spread over with chalk. The soil 



here also was quite another sort, for it consisted of a 



* ' Lands.' So-called, 1886. Ivinghoe, Ward's Hurst, &c. [J. L.] 



