GRAVESEND. 3 $5 



is spread under the cattle in the farm yard. It lay still 

 unspread. The field was [T. I. p. 484] quite fine- 

 ploughed. In other places they had already carried out 

 the manure on to the ploughed fields, spread it out, and 

 ploughed it in. We afterwards remarked that these 

 lands now manured were made into Turnip land, for on the 

 21st July following they were sown with Turnip seed, after 

 the manure had previously been spread out, ploughed in, 

 the land rolled, and the mould worked fine. 



Vicia Sativa. Tares. Several places round Gravesend 

 were sown with Vicia Sativa Vulgaris, semine nigro, C.B. 

 which stood thick, luxuriant, and very beautiful. Its 

 length was commonly 2 feet to 2 feet 3 inches. In some 

 places a part of this was already cut and carried away for 

 food for the farm-horses. It seems to be a plant which 

 it is worth while to sow and cultivate. 



Fceniculum Vulgare Germanicum, C.B. [Fennel], grew 

 as well around London as here about Gravesend, and also 

 in Essex, on the hills and chalk slopes. 

 Bransle. Fuel. 



The fuel which they mostly used here in Gravesend 

 was Coal, Sten-kol, which they could easily obtain from 

 the Colliers, which daily passed close by the town when 

 bound for London. 



The Farmers, Farmarne, who dwelt in the country 

 round Gravesend, and also on the other side of Essex, 

 availed themselves most of such timber, verke, as they 

 obtained annually when they cut down an old hedge and 

 laid down a new, as before described (T. I. p. 319, orig.). 

 I saw great heaps of such sticks and timber lying by the 

 farmers' houses without reckoning what they sold, so it 

 is worth while to have hedges. 



In Essex I saw that poor people even collected a 

 quantity of Genista spinosa vulgaris, Raj. Syn. 475 [Ulex 

 Europseus, Furze'] which they used instead of other wood. 



2A 2 



