382 KALM'S ENGLAND. 



water runs along these roads, but it does not last long, 

 and, moreover, running water outside the river Thames 

 is here very scarce. 



The -H- July, 1748. 



Bonor. Beans. On whichever side I went out 

 round Gravesend in Kent, I always got to see on every farm, 

 Farmer's gard, some large beanfield. In some places 

 were whole large arable fields and tracts sown with beans 

 only. It was commonly the sort which has small and 

 narrow pods. 



In all the places I saw them, they were sown in rows. 

 The distance or width between two rows [T. II. p. 17] 

 was uncertain, sometimes it was as much as 2 feet 6 

 inches, sometimes less, even to only 6 inches — which, 

 however, seemed too thick. It was not too much when 

 just 1 foot width was left between the rows. 



The distance between each Bean-plant, Bon-stand, 

 and the next in the row was however not the same through- 

 out, but just as if they had been in a hurry when they sowed 

 them. I saw them stand one foot from each other ; 

 sometimes, however, they had scarcely more than an 

 inch breadth between them. They commonly stood six 

 inches from each other, which space they certainly 

 required, if not a little more. The reason why the 

 Beans were sown in rows was partly that they could get 

 at them so much the more readily to clean away the weeds 

 between them with a hoe, as well as afterwards the 

 better to be able to pluck off their green pods, which 

 they send to London to be sold ; partly that by casting 

 up the mould to the stalks they furthered the growth of 

 the Beans. 



After the stalk had attained some length, the top was 

 cut off that it might shoot no more in length, but turn 

 all its strength on the maturing of the Beans. They 



