GRAVESEND. 397 



because the crops ripened as soon as, if not before, the 

 ripening of their fruit, and thus there was no necessity for 

 them to trample down the crops while gathering the fruit. 

 At the sides of these orchards, and often at the sides of 

 the ploughed fields, and at home at the farms stood plenty 

 of large walnut trees, there planted, and now full of fruit. 

 Strata Terras. I remarked a little above, that nearly 

 all the hill sides, backar, between Gravesend and 

 Rochester consisted only of chalk, af bara krita, with 

 only a thin stratum of soil, svartmylla, lying upon it ; 

 yet we saw in 2 or 3 places that some of these chalk-hills, 

 kritbarg, had above and upon them not chalk, but a 

 hill of sand, en backa af sand, at times mixed with 

 small Pebblestones, which sandhill lay upon the chalk, 

 which was beneath it, and it was remarkable that the 

 chalk-hills which had such a sandhill or collection of sand 

 upon them, were commonly the highest hills of all we 

 saw along this road. But how this sand in former ages 

 came there, either by some river, or in what way, I cannot 

 say. We found, however, that the sand in such a hill 

 upon the chalk, was not of one kind only, but consisted of 

 many sorts which lay alternately upon one another. I 

 will give their position in one of these hills, backar, 

 through the middle of which the highway ran. 



[T. II. p. 42.] 



ft. in. 

 i. Svartmylla. On the top, soil of 9 to 12 ins. 



thickness, but sandy enough 1 o 



2. A yellow fine sand, with just coherence 

 sufficient to form lumps hardt i klimpar hop- 

 sittande fin sand 2 9 



3. A light-yellow quite fine looser sand 3 o 



4. A very fine grey sand 3 o 



9 9 



