39§ KALM'S ENGLAND. 



and who knows how much more, because the bottom of 

 the pit prevented us from getting farther down, but, that 

 it could not go a very great depth, could be concluded 

 from this, that the hill-sides on both sides below, consisted 

 of bare chalk, as we saw on both sides of the high road, 

 which was dug in them. Here and there in each of the 

 above-reckoned sand-strata, there were some small pieces 

 of, I know not what I shall call it, which looked as if it 

 had been a nail rusted away.* 



Hagnad om akrar, angar, &c. 



Around nearly all the enclosures, such as ploughed 

 fields, meadows, orchards, &c, were planted hedges of 

 hawthorn, but they were in some places worthless enough. 

 In only a few places were there any ' Raddles,' or wooden 

 hurdles, Ris-gardes-gard ; at times, but seldom, one got 

 to see such wattled-hurdles, sprat-gardes-gard, as were 

 described above (T. II. p. 14, orig.). 



Akrarne. The ploughed fields we saw to-day, lay 

 both on the tops of the hills, and on their sides. I have 

 recently named (T. II. pp. 39, 40, orig.), the kinds of 

 crops that were sown on them. There were no dikes 

 or water-furrows ever seen on or near them — both of 

 which, however, would be of little use here, because the 

 chalk soil seems to absorb all the water [T. II. p. 43], in 

 respect of which we did not see the least flowing water all 

 along this road. I saw no ditches by the road-side, 

 which is a sign that the water cannot possibly remain 

 there long. If by the side of any single hedge, there was 

 sometimes found a ditch, this seemed only to be made to 

 get earth out of, to make a bank on which the hedge had 

 been planted, and to get mould to cast up on to the roots of 



* At Poling Wood, Sussex, where the Heading clays are dug for the 

 pottery, these pieces of "what-you-may-call-it " are called by the workmen 

 " Rock," [J. L.] 



