400 KALM'S ENGLAND. 



earth also got new life, came up to the day, grew, 

 grodde, and in many places smothered the crop; for 

 their seed has the property, that if the ground is hard, 

 and unfit for them to come up, they can lie many years 

 down in the ground without growing or taking harm, but 

 quicken as soon as the earth is moved and turned over. 

 From this we see how necessary are many courses of 

 ploughing during the summer in a field confounded with 

 weeds. 



The Pease in these fields were partly sown in rows and 

 the earth ploughed up between : the weeds uprooted, and 

 the mould moved on to the roots, so that the stalks are 

 on a hill. We also saw the Pease-land sown in the same 

 way in rows, but never cleared of weeds, or the earth dug 

 up between, but the weeds were entirely smothering and 

 taking the life out of the Pease. In many places the 

 Peas were sown broad-cast, as with us, and there the 

 weeds and the Pease had to fight with each other for 

 existence, as they best could. 



The Pease were nowhere furnished with sticks. 



[T. II. p. 45. J Of the Harrow and Roller here used 

 there is nothing particular to record ; they are mostly 

 like ours. The Plough, Plogen, in Kent has this advan- 

 tage, that the ploughshare, vandbradet, can easily be 

 changed to whichever side of the plough one wishes. 

 But in other respects it merits no recommendation, 

 because it is very heavy and unwieldy. 



The soil, jordmon, on all these ploughed fields was 

 of so loose a nature, that they could in the greatest 

 drought plough it up when they wished. In such a loose 

 earth they nearly always set three pair of horses, as large 

 as the largest Dragoon horses, before this ' plough ; then 

 one full-grown person was required to hold the plough, 

 and a boy, gasse, to drive the horses : we sometimes 

 saw even as many as five or six pairs of such large horses 



