412 KALM'S ENGLAND. 



manure, on the ploughed fields, and when a field has once 

 been manured with it, it is not necessary for them to 

 manure it again for 10, 14 or more years. 



Pa styf lergrund sades Kritan vara skon. 



On a stiff clay soil the chalk was said to be good. 



Among other ways of manuring arable fields, it is 

 reckoned as the best to fold sheep on them in the summer, 

 during the night in a little narrow fold, so that they stand 

 quite close together. One and another enterprising 

 farmer said he had himself tried to sow wheat in rows, 

 and ploughed up the earth with a horsebreak, a little 

 neat plough which is drawn by one horse, between the 

 rows ; but it had not turned out well for them. Never- 

 theless, they thought that it might be done, otherwise the 

 horsebreak is much used here to plough and clean away 

 the weeds between the rows sown with Beans and Pease, 

 since it lightens the labour very much. 



Turnips are also much sown here in Kent for sheep, 

 swine, and oxen to feed and fatten them with. 



The Farmers said that they found the best time to 

 sow wheat here, to be within one month before Michael- 

 mas (after the Old Style) many, however, sow it one 

 month after, but this plan is not held to be so good. 



AUgS-skotsel- The management of Grass-land, Sain 

 Foin, Clover, &c. Most of their grass fields in this district 

 are sown with some [T. II. p. 57], particular kinds of 

 hay, such as St. Foin, Clover, Tares, Vicia, Lucerne, &c. 



Sain Foin is said to thrive very well on the chalk hills, 

 Kritbackar, which we also found to be everywhere 

 evident. For 30 years back they had not known so much 

 of it used as now. They learned to use it from France. 

 Sain Foin is an excellent food for horses, but for cows it 

 is, when dried, not so good as good hay. When it has 

 once been sown, it can sometimes stand for 16 or more 



