420 KALM S ENGLAND. 



Ft. in. 



and some of the aforenamed soil, Svartmylla, 



principally chalk — one foot, more or less i o 



This chalk was somewhat loose and not so 

 [T. II. p. 66] hard as the perpendicular walls of 

 the chalkpit. 



3. Afterwards came a nearly horizontal stratum 

 of bare roots, about i to J inch thick. It consisted 

 of nothing but small roots, the largest of which 

 were the size of a quill pen ; but one could not 

 distinguish what kind of roots these had been. 

 They were not particularly rotten. I imagine that 

 they were fine roots of Hawthorn, Hagtorn, 

 which had run so far down, and then they had 

 found under this stratum a harder chalk, and 

 could not go farther down in the earth, but after- 

 wards ran horizontally upon the same, and con- 

 sequently time after time had formed this. What 

 made me think so was (1) that the chalk which 

 lies immediately under is very hard ; (2) That I 

 found fresh and growing Hawthorn roots, of the 

 same thickness as recently named, which ran just 

 horizontally among the other roots in this stratum. 



4. Hard chalk, 3 fathoms. What it was like 

 further down I cannot say, because the fallen 

 gravel and mould, grus OCh mullen, prevented 

 more being seen below. 



In one of the Chalk-pits which were close to Northfleet 

 Church, the strata of the chalk were in this order : — 



ft. in. 



i. The soil and vegetable earth, Jordskarpan 

 och matjorden 1 



2. [T. II. p. 67.] Hard Chalk about 58-60 feet. 60 o 

 Pieces of flint were here and there mixed in it. 



3. A stratum of bare flints, laid quite close 

 together — 3 to 6 inches thick o 6 



