406 



AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 



Ecology — Cont'd. 



An index of fish environments. Shelf ord, 

 V. E. & Allee, W. C. 1912.1. 



Relations of currents, temperatures and 

 other physical conditions of the sea. Watt, 

 W. 1883.1. 



A graphic method of correlating fish en- 

 vironment and distribution. Wright, A. 

 H. 1907.1. 



Dissolved gases in inland lakes as factors 

 in the distribution of fishes. -A-Birge, E. A. 

 1898.1, 1908.1, 1910.1; Ik-Birge, E. & 

 Juday, C. 1911.1, Add. 1911.1; Juday, 

 C. & Wagner, G. 1908.1; Knauthe, K. 

 1899.1. 



Minimum oxygen content of water, neces- 

 sary for maintenance of life. Konig, J. & 

 Hilnnemeier, B. 1901.1; Kupzis, J. 



1901.1; Lebedintsev, A. A. 1908.2; 

 Orsenigo, L. 1910.1; Baton, D. N. 

 1904.1. 



For winter killing through lack of oxygen, 

 etc., see under Mortality. 



TYPES OF HABITATS 



Fresh-water considered the habitat of the 

 earliest vertebrates. Chamberliu, T. C. 

 1900.1; Pompefikj, J. F. 1914.1. 



Artesian wells, the occurrence of fishes 

 in artesian wells as shown by their occa- 

 sional ejection. 



Fishes in artesian wells in California. 

 Chase, A. W. (Trout) 1874.1; Saxe, - 

 1870.1; Smith, R. (Gasterosteus) Add. 

 1884.1. 



Fishes of the artesian wells of the Sahara. 

 Blanc, E. 1895.1; Desor, P. J. 1864.1; 

 Girard, C. F. 1889.3; Hult, R. 1895.1; 

 Pellegrin, J. 1913.11, 1914.11; •Rolland, 

 G. F. 1881.1, 1895.1. 



Indeterminable. Lataste, F. 1892.1; 

 Lubach, D. 1875.2. 



The only eyeless or blind fish which has 

 been recorded from an artesian well is 

 Trogloglanis pattersoni, a catfish from 

 San Antonio, Texas, recorded by 0. H. 

 Eigenmann in Proo. Amer. Phil. Soo., 

 1919, vol. 58, pp. 397-400. 



Hot Springs, or springs having a high 

 temperature. Occurrence of fishes in hot 

 springs in — Nevada. F., G. A. 1875.1. 

 Euganea, Italy. Issel, R. 1901.1. — Lower 

 California. Jordan, D. S. & Richardson, 

 R. E. 1907.1. — Pooree, Bengal. M'CIel- 

 land, J. 1838.1. — Misc. Sonnerat, P. 

 1774.2. 



Salt lakes, the occurrence of fresh-water 

 fishes in the slowly dessicating remnants of 

 fresh-water lakes. Salt lakes or lagoons 

 near Tuggurth, Algeria. Gtinther, A. 

 1859.4; Tristram, H. B. 1859.1; Valen- 

 ciennes, A. 1858.2. — Lake Van, Turkey. 

 DeyroIIe, T. 1871.1. —Lake Urumiah, 

 Persia. Gttnther, A. 1899.3, Wilbraham, 

 R. 1839.1. — Salt lakes of central Asia. 

 Martens, E. 1879.1. 



ELECTRICAL FISHES 



General treatises, see especially Cisi- 

 Halem, - 1901.1; •Sihleanu, S. 1876.1. 



— Review of Sihleanu. Joliet, L. Add. 

 1876 1 



Other general accounts. Berlin, K. 1866.1; 

 Boll, F. 1874.3 ; Du Bois-Reymond, E. H. 

 1843.1; Dureau, A. 1868.1,.2; Hum- 

 boldt, F. & Bonpland, A. 1806.2; Por- 

 tier, P. 1906.1; Lemoine-Moreau, E. 

 1868.1; Wagner, R. 1848.1. 



Historical: Galvani's discovery of elec- 

 tricity in Torpedo. Galvani, L. 1869.1; 

 Gherardi, S. 1869.1. 



Miscellaneous. Bird, J. 1875.1; Clarke, 

 F. W. 1875.1; Corfield, H. 1888.1; Kam- 

 merer, P. 1906.1; Lubach, D. 1859.2; 

 Murray, A. 1854.1; Nalepa, E. A. 1897.1; 

 No6, J. & Dissard, A. 1894.3; Panceri, 

 P. 1859.1; Paterson,W. 1786.1; Richet, 

 C. R. 1882.2; Rollett, A. 1872.1; Ru- 

 dolphi, C. A. 1820.1; Sanderson, J. S. 

 1887.1; Scafati, G. 1875.1; Shufeldt, 

 R. W. 1907.2; Stafford, W. 1897.1; 

 Steffens, H. 1818.1; Anon. 100, 183, 258, 

 601; Beauregard, H. Add. 1884.1. 



ELECTRICAL ORGANS 



Chemical composition; in Raja and 

 Torpedo. Baglioni, S. 1906.4; Schultze, 

 M. J. 1861.1; Weyl, T. 1883.1, Add. 

 1883.1. 



Development and embryology. Ba- 

 bukhin, A. I. 1870.1, 1882.2, 1883.2; 

 •Dahlgren, V. 1910.1; Gatti, M. A. ■ 

 1899.1; Harting, P. 1877.5; •Maurer, 

 F. 1906.1. 



Origin and development of electrical 

 tissues in — Oymnarchus niloticus. *DahI- 

 gren, U. 1914.1. — Raja batis. -A-Ewart, 

 J. C. 1888.2, 1892.1. — Torpedo. •Ogneff, 

 J. F. 1897.1; •Sanctis, L. 1873.1. — As- 

 troscopus. Dahlgren, TJ. Add. 1914.3. 



Histology and histogenesis. Schultze, 

 M. J. 1857.1, 1859.2, 1860.2; •Schultze, ' 

 O. 1906.1, .2. 



Histological structure of electrical organs 

 of —Raja. •BaUowitz, E. 1897.1. — 

 Gymnotus. BaUowitz, E. 1897.2; Ciaocio, 

 G.V. 1879.1; Knox,, R. 1824.1; Pacini, 



F. 1852.1, 1853.1. — Torpedo. •Ciaccio, 



G. V. 1874.1,.2, 1876.1,.2, 1877.1,.2,.3, 

 1882.1, 1897.1; Faurfe-Fremiet, E. & 

 Mironesco, T. 1911.1; Fritsch, G. T. 

 1889.1; •Ivanzov, N. 1894.1; Pacini, 

 F. 1853.1; Ranvier, L. A. 1877.1 ; Wag- 

 ner, R. 1847.3. — Mormyrus. Kupffer, 

 C. W. 1857.1; Kupffer, C. W. & Kefer- 

 stein, W. 1857.1, 1858.1; Schlichter, H. 

 1906.1. 



Pseudo-electrical organs. Type of 

 weaker discharge of Raja and Mormyrus, 

 which see, below. — Development, etc, 

 Babukhiu, A. I. 1872.1, 1876.1; Gad, - 

 1877.1; _ Anon. 185, 508. 



Functions, organs shown to be electrical. 

 Robin, C. P. 1865.1,.2, 1879.1; Sander- 

 son, J. & Gotch, F. 1S88.1, 1889.1. 

 Constitution and Structure 



General treatise. Jobert de Lamballe, 

 A. J. 1858.1. 



Other general accounts and researches. 

 •Babukhin, A. I. 1876.1; •Garten, S. 

 1911.1; Geoffroy-St.-H., E. F. 1801.1, 



