420 



AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 



Eye — Cont'd. 



— Effect of light. Exner, S. & Januschke, 

 H. 1906.1; Heger, P. 1896.1; Garten, 

 S. Add. 1907.1; Gendersen Stort, A. G. 

 Add. 1886.1, 1887.1. —Effect of darkness. 

 Ogneff, J. F. 1910.1, 1911.1. 



Sclera, the sclerotic coat of the eye. 

 Structure. Langhans, T. 1865.1; Wedl, 

 C. 1848.2. 



Cornea. — Iridescent reflection, in living 

 Labroids. Emery, 0. 1876.1, 1878.1. 



— Membrane of Descemet. Grynfeltt, E. 

 1910.1. — Innervation of cornea. Shearer, 

 0. 1898.1; Zelinka, C. 1881.1, 1882.1. 



Structure of the cornea in various bottom- 

 dwelling fishes. Harms, W. Add. 1914.1. 



Vitreous humor. Histogenesis. Ad- 

 dario, C. 1902.2. — Marsupium nigrum, 

 a vascular structure in the vitreous. Knox, 

 R. 1824.2. 



For a general treatise on the vitreous 

 humor with a full review of the literature, 

 see Virchow, H. Add. 1900.1. 



FAUNA OF THE WORLD 



Arranged by continents and thereunder 

 chiefly under political divisions; enclosed 

 or surrounding seas; contiguous islands, 

 etc. If in doubt concerning the placement 

 of a specific locality, see the index. _ 



The status of political divisions is that 

 existing during the period covered by this 

 work, i. e. prior to the World War of 1914. 

 Orthography, abbreviations and geo- 

 graphical arrangement follow the Century 

 Atlas. 



A map of the country concerned will be 

 found convenient by the user of this sec- 

 tion. For Deep-sea, Pelagic and Plank- 

 tonic Faunas, see respectively under these 

 items. For fossil fauna, see Paleontology. 

 For sporting papers, see under Fisheries 

 and Fishing methods. 



ISLANDS 

 (Not placeable under continents) 



Islands of South Atlantic Ocean 



Ascension I. Gilnther, A. 1881.4; Nich- 

 ols, J. T., & Murphy, R. C. 1917.1.— Fer- 

 nando Noronha I. Boulenger, G. A. 1890.6. 



— St. Helena I. Clark, R. S. 1913.1 ; Cun- 

 ningham, J. T. 1910.2; Gilnther, A. 

 1868.8, 1869.10; Martin, M. 1834.1; 

 Melliss, J. C. 1875.1. — South Georgia Is. 

 Fischer, J. G. 1885.1; Lonnberg, A. J. 

 1906.1. — South Trinidad. Nichols, J. T., 

 & Murphy, R. C. 1914.1. — Tristan da 

 Cunhal. Carmichael, D. 1817.1; Regan, 

 C. T. 1913.8. 



Islands of Indian Ocean 

 Mauritius, Reunion, Rodriguez, etc., 

 see Indian Ocean Is. under Asia. 



POLAR REGIONS 

 Antarctic Regions 

 General: +00110, L. 1904.1. — Dis- 

 tribution of fishes. -A-Regan, C. T. 1914.1, 

 1916.3; Roule, L. 1911.3. — Supposed re- 

 semblance to fauna of Arctic regions. 



Thompson, D. W. 1897.1. — Various 

 papers. Boulenger, G. A. 1902.30, 1907.7; 

 Chun, C. 1897.1 (Plankton); Dollo, L. 

 1900.1-.4, 1906.2-1907.1, 1908.1-1909.1,.3; 

 Drygalski, E. 1904.1; G., J. W. 1906.1; 

 Jacquinot, H., & Guichenot, A. 1853.1; 

 Lonnberg, A. J. 1905.3, .6; Pappehheim, 

 P. 1911.2, 1912.1, 1914.1; Pfeffer, G. J. 

 1890.2; Roule, L. 1913.2,.3; Roule, L., & 

 Despax, R. 1911.1; Regan, C. T. 1913.1, 

 1914.1, .4, 1916.3; Vaillant, L. L. 1906.1- 

 1906.3, 1907.1; Vanhoffen, E. 1901.1; 

 Waite, E. R. 1909.2, 1911.3, 1916.2; 

 Lampe, M. Add. 1914.1. 



Kerguelen I.: Gill, T. N. 1876.1; 

 Gilnther, A. 1879.3. 



Arctic Regions 



See also Alaska, Canada and Greenland 

 under America, and Iceland and Spitz- 

 bergen under Europe. 



General treatises : lists, etc. Bean, T. 

 H. 1883.4; •Ehrenbaum, E. 1901.2 in 

 Romer, F., & Schaudinn, F. R. 1900.1; 

 Jensen, A. S. 1905.1; Pennant, T. 1784.1- 

 1792.1. — Various papers, chiefly marine 

 fauna. Dewhurst, H. W. 1834.1; Gray, J. 

 E. 1850.1; Grieg, J. A. 1896.1; Gilnther, 

 A. 1877.1,.3,.8, 1878.2, 1881.2; Holm- 

 quist, O. 1899.1; Jensen, A. S. 1910.2; 

 Knipovich, N. M. 1894.1, 1902.2, 1905.1; 

 Peters, W. C. 1874.1; Phipps, C. J. 1774.1; 

 Richardson, J. 1823.1, 1825.1, 1855.1, Add. 

 1836.1; Ross, J. C. 1826.1, 1828.1; Ross,' 

 J. 1835.1; Sabine, E. 1824.1,.2; Sabine, 

 J. 1823.1; Scoresby, W. 1S20.1.— Dis- 

 tribution of animals available as food. Peter- 

 mann, A. H. 1852.1. — Barents Sea. Atkin- 

 son, G. T. 1908.1; Breitfuss, L. L. 1908.1; 

 Breitfuss, L. L., Soldatov, V. K., & Gobel, 

 J. 1908.1; Linko, A. 1907.1; Pietsch- 

 mann, V. 1907.1. — Bear I. Malmgren, 

 A. J. 1865.1. — Kara Sea. Ltltken, C. F. 

 1887.1; Kerbert, C. Add. 1887.1.— 

 White Sea. Khvorostansky, C. 1892.1; 

 Knipovich, N. M. 1897.2, 1906.2,.3, 

 1907.2; Kuznetzov, I. D. 1908.2; Le- 

 vander, K. M. 1888.1,.2. 



Jan Mayen I. : Le Danois, E. 1913.3, 

 1914.1; Steindachner, F. 1886.1; Vail- 

 lant, L. 1894.1. 



AFRICA 



Arrangement based upon Century Atlas 

 of the World, 1913. 



General treatise 



Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of 

 Africa. •Boulenger, G. A. Add. 1909.1; 

 (List) 1905.6. 



Distribution of fresh-water fishes 



Boulenger, G. A. 1905.5; Dambeck, K. 

 1877.4, 1879.2; DumferU, A. 1858.4; 



Kemna, A. 1905.2; Pappenheim, P. 



1910.1; Pellegrin, J. 1911.4, 1912.5; 

 Poche, F. 1901.1. — Origin of fauna. Pa- 

 lacky, J. 1907.1. — Zoogeographical rela- 

 tions. Day, F. 1885.12; Gill, T. N. Add. 

 1900.1. — See also *Nichols & Grisoom, 

 in Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 1917, vol. 

 37, pp. 734-752. 



