SUBJECT INDEX — MORPHOLOGICAL SECTION 



499 



For the " intelligence " of fishes comprising 

 their comparative psychology, and for techni- 

 cal studies on habit formation, etc., see under 

 Behavior. 



For the living together or association of 

 fishes with other fishes, or with invertebrates, 

 see under Commensalism and symbiosis. 



For accounts of sharks attacking men, sword- 

 fish attacking whales, etc., see under Predatory 

 fishes. 



See also under such related topics as Aestiva- 

 tion; Food of fishes; Hibernation; Locomotion; 

 Migrations; Parasitic fishes; Sleep of fishes; etc. 



References to the life-histories, etc., of par- 

 ticular fishes will be found under the various 

 families and genera to which they refer. 



Chiefly miscellaneous and unclassified 

 items on the habits of fishes. Abel, 0. 1907. 1 ; 

 Aflalo, F. G. 1902.2, 1904.2; Baird, S. F. 

 1876.8; Beokford, F. J. 1897.1; Beck- 

 mann, J. 1769.1; Blake, J. H. 1870.1; 

 Blanchard, C. E. 1866.1; Carter, R. 

 1884.1; Coles, R. J. 1910.1; Coste, P. 

 1858.1; DoUo, L. 1895.1; Ehrenbaum, 

 E. 1909.2; Gray, J. E. 1861.1; Groos, 

 R. 1902.1; Huet, P. 1904.1; Nusbaum, 

 J. 1880.1; Osburn, R. C. 1913.2; Selous, 

 E. 1911.1; Shufeldt, R. W. 1902.2; 

 Smith, T. 1806.1; Tosh, J. R. 1903.1; 

 VerriU, A. E. 1871.2. 



GENERAL ACCOUNTS OF THE HABITS 

 OF VABIOnS FISHES 



Comprising general and inclusive articles deal- 

 ing with the unspecified habits of fishes. 



CEPHALOCHORDATA 

 Habits of Amphioxus. Gage, S. H. 

 1905.1; Rice, H. J. 1880.1. 



ELASMOBRANCHII 

 Habits of Mobula. Coles, R. J. 1910.1; 

 Gill, T. N. 1908.5. —Selachii. Dumeril, 

 A. H. 1865.4. — Seyllium. Geoffroy- 

 Saint-Hilaire, E. F. 1808.1. —Rhineodon, 

 Gill, T. N. 1905.11. 



DIPNOI AND GANOIDEI 

 Habits of Amia and Lepidosteus. Locke, 

 W. M. 1878.2, 1879.4. —Lepidosteus. 

 Mark, E. L. 1890.1. — Geratodus. Mac- 

 leay, W. 1883.5; Semon, R. W. 1896.2, 

 1899.1, 1903.1, 1908.1, Add. 1893.1, .2; 

 Spencer, W. B. 1892.1, Add. 1892.1. 



TELEOSTEI 

 Sub-order Acanthopterygii 

 Gobuformes. — Habits of Periophthal- 

 m,us. Bean, B. A. 1889.6; Livingstone, 



D. & Livingstone, C. Add. 1866.1; Wood- 

 ford, C. Add. 1890.1. — Sicydium. 

 Clark, Austin H. 1905.1. — Cyclopterus. 

 Gill, T. N. 1907.3. 



Jugulates. — Habits of Batrachus. Ap- 

 pun, K. F. 1870.1. — Uranoscopus. 

 Facciol^, L. 1883.1. — Anarrichadidce. 

 Gill, T. N. 1911.2. — Opsanus. Gudger, 



E. W. 1910.1. — Trachinus. Dunn, M. 

 Add. 1885.2. 



Percifonnes. — Habits of Aphredo- 

 derus.: Abbott, C. C. 1862.2, 1872.2. — 

 Perca flavescens. Abbott, C. C. 1876.1. 

 — Enneacanthus and Mesogonistius. 



Abbott, C. C. 1884.2. —Labrax. Akers, 

 G. F. 1879.1. —Mullus. Couch, J. 



1869.1. — Centrarchidm. Mather, F. 

 1884.4. — Micropterus. Tisdale, S. T. 



1871.2. — Buvettus. Becke, L. Add. 

 1897.1, 1909.1. —Capros. Cunningham, 

 J. T. Add. ISSS.l. 



Scleroparei. — Habits of Cottus. Bade, 

 E. 1899.4; Gill, T. N. 1908.2. — My- 

 oxocephalus. Gill, T. N. 1905.15. — 

 Liparis. Smith, W. A. Add. 1885.1. 



Scombriformes. — Habits of Scomber. 

 Allen, E. J. 1897.3; 1909.1; Cunningham, 

 J. T. 1902.2. — Lepidopus. Robson, C. 

 H. 1876.1, 1884.2. 



Zeorhombi. — Habits of Pleuronectes. 

 Ascroft, R. L. 1900.2; Bean, T. H. 

 1878.6. — HippogTossus. Atwood, N. E. 

 1865.1, 1869.2, 1871.1. 



Sub-order Apodes 

 Habits ofAnguilla. Baird, S. F. 1875.16; 

 Caumont, A. 1858.1; Dean, B. 1912.2; 

 Desmarest, E. 1866.1; Friedel, E. 1871.3; 

 McGovem, H. D. 1881.1; Olivier, E. 

 1910.1; Roosevelt, R. B. 1878.3,.4; 



Anon. 275. 



Sub-order Haplomi 

 Habits of Umbra. Abbott, C. C. 1875.2. 



— Esox. Curtis, G. 1861.1. — Anableps. 

 Le Conte, J. L. 1861.1; Smith, J. P. G. 

 1850.1; Beebe, M. B. & Beebe, C. W. 

 Add. 1910.1. 



Sub-order Malacopterygii 

 Habits of Thymallus. Ainsworth, S. H. 

 1874.1; Rutland, J. 1878.1. — Poma- 

 tomus. Ayres, W. O. 1852.1. — Mallotus. 

 Atwood, N. E. 1871.1, — Alosa. Bar- 

 furth, D. 1874.1, 1876.1; Chapman, P. 

 1875.1. —Herring. Chapman, P. 1875.1. 



— Pilchard. Cornish, T. 1883.1. — Os- 

 teoglossum. Haseman, J. D. 1911.2. — • 

 Coregonus. Milner, J. W. 1877.1. 



Sub-order Ostariophysi 



Habits ofGymnotus. Bradley, T. 1838.1; 



•Sachs, C. 1877.1, 1881.1. — Phoxinus. 



Bruyaut, C. 1898.1. — North American 



Siluridce. •Kendall, W. C. 1904.1, 1910.1. 



— Tinea. Lunel, G. 1874.2. — Ameiurus. 

 Sainville, E. 1908.1. — Carassius. Strat- 

 ton, H. Add. 1833.1. 



Habits of Teleostean fishes of various 



other sub-orders 

 Hemiramphus. ■ Andrews, W. 1849.3. 



— Orthagoriscus. Binney, A. 1842.1. — . 

 Belone. Cunningham, J. T. 1902.2. — 

 Syngnathus. Gray, J. E. 1861.1. ' — Mer- 

 luccius. Nye, W. jr. 1887.2. — Antenna- 

 rius. Whitmee, S. J. 1875.1. —Gadidw. 

 Atwood, N. B. 1866.1,. 2. 



For further data on habits of fishes, see 

 under Natural History under the fish in 

 the Systematic section. 



VARIOUS SPECIFIC HABITS 



For specific habits treated elsewhere, see 

 cross-references at the beginning of this 

 section. 



